19 Nov Post-Acute Withdrawal Syndrome (PAWS): What to Expect After Detox

Call 1-800-662-HELP (4357)Individuals seeking treatment or substance use support for themselves or a loved one can call the toll-free PA Get Help Now helpline at 1-800-662-HELP (4357). The free, confidential hotline is available 24 hours a day, 365 days a year, and staffed by trained professionals.

Detoxing from addictive substances is a crucial step in overcoming substance abuse, but it can be just the beginning of a long journey toward recovery. One of the significant challenges individuals may face after detox is Post-Acute Withdrawal Syndrome (PAWS). Understanding PAWS is essential for anyone looking to navigate the early recovery process successfully. This blog post will explore what PAWS is, its common symptoms, and how to manage these symptoms effectively.

What to Know About the Detoxing From Drug and Alcohol Dependence

Detoxing from addictive substances is a critical initial step in recovery from drug and alcohol dependence. During this stage, the body begins to clear itself of toxins, but the process can come with a range of intense withdrawal symptoms. Understanding these symptoms—and how they evolve from the acute to the post-acute phase—can help individuals prepare for the detox journey and know when to seek help.

 

Common Withdrawal Symptoms

The acute withdrawal phase typically occurs within hours to days after ceasing substance use and often includes severe physical and psychological symptoms as the body struggles to adapt without the substance. During this phase, common withdrawal symptoms include:

• Anxiety and panic attacks: Heightened anxiety levels and even panic attacks are common as the central nervous system adjusts to the absence of the substance.
• Nausea and Vomiting: These symptoms often accompany withdrawal, especially for those dependent on opioids and alcohol.
• Sweating and Shaking: As the body tries to restore balance, sweating and shaking can be intense, particularly for individuals detoxing from alcohol or benzodiazepines.
• Muscle Aches: Body aches and muscle cramps may occur as the body adjusts to functioning without the substance.
• Insomnia or Impaired Sleep: Insomnia is common, with some individuals experiencing vivid dreams or night sweats as their sleep cycles are disrupted.

While these acute withdrawal symptoms generally subside within a week, recovery is rarely immediate. Instead, individuals often transition into a post acute withdrawal period, where symptoms like mood swings, fatigue, and cravings may persist for months, creating what is known as a protracted withdrawal experience.

Substance Related Symptoms: The Most Dangerous Health Consequences of Withdrawal

Withdrawal can lead to serious and sometimes life-threatening complications, especially for those dependent on alcohol, benzodiazepines, or opioids. Each substance carries unique risks, and it’s crucial to be aware of these dangerous health consequences:

• Seizures: Alcohol and benzodiazepine withdrawal can trigger seizures, which may be life-threatening if not managed in a medically supervised detox setting.
• Cardiovascular Strain: Severe symptoms like increased heart rate and high blood pressure are common with alcohol and stimulant withdrawal, putting strain on the cardiovascular system.
• Delirium Tremens (DTs): A dangerous symptom of protracted alcohol withdrawal, DTs involve confusion, rapid heart rate, and hallucinations and can be fatal if untreated.
• Respiratory Distress: Opioid withdrawal can cause respiratory issues, with symptoms like labored breathing potentially escalating, especially in cases of protracted withdrawal.
• Late substance withdrawal syndrome: The lingering physical and psychological symptoms that can appear weeks or even months after the initial withdrawal phase, often including mood swings, anxiety, fatigue, and cravings, making long-term recovery more challenging.

Understanding these risks highlights the importance of undergoing detox in a medically supervised environment. While detoxification is challenging, it’s a pivotal step toward overcoming addiction and reducing the likelihood of long-term substance-related symptoms in recovery.

What is Post-Acute Withdrawal Syndrome?

Post-Acute Withdrawal Syndrome (PAWS) refers to a set of symptoms that can occur after the acute withdrawal phase has passed. While the acute withdrawal syndrome typically manifests as intense physical and psychological symptoms shortly after the last use of a substance, PAWS symptoms can emerge weeks or even months later. This condition is particularly common among individuals recovering from alcohol dependence, opioid withdrawal, and benzodiazepine withdrawal.

PAWS symptoms can include a range of psychological and physical issues that affect individuals during their early recovery. Understanding what to expect during this period can help those in recovery prepare and seek the necessary support.

Post-Acute Withdrawal Symptoms to Watch For

While each person’s experience with PAWS may vary, some common post acute withdrawal symptoms include:

• Mood swings and irritability
• Vivid dreams and sleep disturbances
• Fatigue and low energy levels
• Cravings for substances
• Cognitive impairment and memory issues

These protracted withdrawal symptoms can significantly impact an individual’s ability to maintain abstinence, making it crucial to develop effective coping strategies.

What is the Acute Withdrawal Phase?

The acute withdrawal phase typically involves intense physical symptoms as the body begins to adjust to the absence of an addictive substance. This phase can last anywhere from a few days to a week, depending on the substance involved. For alcohol-dependent patients, this phase can include severe symptoms such as delirium tremens, which can lead to even life-threatening complications if not managed properly through medically supervised detox.

As individuals move from the acute withdrawal phase into the post acute withdrawal period, the focus shifts from addressing immediate physical symptoms to managing the psychological aspects of recovery.

Managing Symptoms of Post Acute Withdrawal Stage

Successfully navigating PAWS requires a combination of strategies to manage both the psychological and physical symptoms:

1.) Establish Supportive Relationships

Building supportive relationships with friends, family, and recovery groups can help individuals in recovery feel less isolated. Sharing experiences and challenges can significantly alleviate symptoms such as anxiety, cravings, and depressed mood.

2.) Develop Healthy Coping Mechanisms

Practicing mindfulness, engaging in regular physical activity, and exploring hobbies can improve psychological functioning and decrease the risk of substance misuse. Understanding specific symptoms related to PAWS, such as mood swings and irritability, can guide individuals in developing coping strategies.

3.) Focus on Long-Term Recovery Goals

Setting realistic recovery goals and focusing on long-term abstinence can provide motivation and a sense of purpose. Recognizing the risk factors that may trigger cravings or other PAWS symptoms can also aid in planning preventative strategies.

4.) Seek Professional Help

If symptoms of PAWS become overwhelming, seeking assistance from a mental health professional or addiction specialist may be necessary. They can provide valuable resources and support for managing withdrawal syndrome effectively.

PAWS Symptoms: Physical Discomfort and Mental Disorders

Post-Acute Withdrawal Syndrome (PAWS) can manifest as a range of physical and mental health challenges that persist long after the initial detox phase. These symptoms, often less intense than acute withdrawal symptoms but still disruptive, can create obstacles for individuals in early recovery, testing their resilience and commitment to staying substance-free. Understanding the physical discomfort and mental health conditions associated with PAWS can help individuals anticipate and manage these prolonged symptoms.

Physical Discomfort

Physical symptoms of PAWS often vary in intensity and can linger for months, impacting overall well-being. Common physical symptoms include:

• Fatigue and Low Energy: Many individuals feel drained and struggle with persistent fatigue, which can make it hard to stay active and motivated in recovery.
• Sleep Disturbances: Difficulty falling or staying asleep, frequent awakenings, and vivid dreams are common, disrupting normal sleep patterns and causing exhaustion.
• Muscle Aches and Pain: Individuals may experience ongoing muscle pain and body aches, especially if their substance dependence involved prescription drugs or opioids.
• Cravings: Persistent cravings for the substance can create a constant physical and psychological struggle, increasing the risk of relapse.

These physical symptoms not only create discomfort but can also make individuals feel as though they are still in the acute phase of withdrawal, which can be disheartening during recovery.

Mental Health Conditions

Mental health challenges are a significant part of PAWS and often persist well into the recovery journey. Key mental health conditions linked to PAWS include:

• Depressed Mood and Anxiety: Fluctuations in mood, feelings of hopelessness, and anxiety are common, often linked to the brain’s effort to rebalance after long-term substance use.
• Irritability and Mood Swings: Emotional regulation can be challenging, leading to irritability, anger, or unpredictable mood swings that strain relationships and personal well-being.
• Cognitive Impairment: Issues with focus, memory, and problem-solving can arise, making everyday tasks more difficult and potentially impacting work or school performance.
• Psychological Functioning and Hostility: PAWS can impair psychological resilience, causing individuals to struggle with motivation and even experience feelings of hostility or resentment as they adjust to life without the substance.

Together, these physical and mental health conditions can create significant hurdles, making it crucial to develop coping strategies and seek support from counselors, recovery groups, or medical professionals, at a Massachusetts drug rehab center, to maintain long-term sobriety. By understanding and managing PAWS symptoms, individuals can work toward a healthier, more stable recovery journey.

Medical Detox Lessens Your Risk for Post-Withdrawal Changes

Post-Acute Withdrawal Syndrome (PAWS) is a challenging but manageable aspect of early recovery. By understanding the nature of post acute withdrawal symptoms and employing effective coping strategies, individuals can navigate the complexities of medical detox and recovery from drug and alcohol dependence. It’s essential to remain vigilant about mental health conditions that may arise during this time and to continue seeking support as needed. With dedication and perseverance, overcoming addiction and achieving long-term recovery is possible.

 

Call 1-800-662-HELP (4357)Individuals seeking treatment or substance use support for themselves or a loved one can call the toll-free PA Get Help Now helpline at 1-800-662-HELP (4357). The free, confidential hotline is available 24 hours a day, 365 days a year, and staffed by trained professionals.

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Last Updated on November 19, 2024 by Marie Benz MD FAAD