17 Jul What Are the Types of Surgical Procedures for Thyroid Disorders?
Introduction
Thyroid disorders affect a lot of people across the globe. Thyroid problems can cause serious health issues if they are not treated on time. While many cases can be managed with medication, others may require surgery. Thyroid surgery is the most effective solution when the gland becomes enlarged and develops nodules.
But what kind of surgery is best?
In this post, we will explore the various types of surgical procedures for thyroid disorders. We will also explore their benefits when they are utilized and what patients can expect.
Why Do People need thyroid surgery?
Not all thyroid problems need surgery. Some can be solved through medication or therapy. But sometimes, surgery is the only option. You might need a thyroid surgery in any of these cases:
- A large goiter that causes trouble with breathing or swallowing.
- Thyroid nodules that look different than usual.
- Thyroid cancer or a substantial risk of cancer.
- Hyperthyroidism that doesn’t improve with medicine or radioactive iodine.
- Recurrent cysts or lumps that keep coming back.
If you face any of these symptoms, then you should consult a doctor and might need a thyroid surgery.
Top Surgical Options for Thyroid Disorders
So, which type of surgery is best suited for you? The surgeon will choose the type of surgery based on your diagnosis, age, medical history, and test results.
The most common thyroid surgical procedures are:
Thyroid Lobectomy
In thyroid lobectomy, just half of the thyroid (one lobe) is taken out in a surgery. It happens when a growing bump or lump is discovered on one of the sides.
When is total thyroidectomy needed?
- In non-cancerous (benign) nodules.
- With smaller, less dangerous thyroid cancers.
- In cases when there is a particular uncertainty, and additional examination is required.
Benefits of thyroid lobectomy:
- Reduced chances of complications.
- In many cases, there is no requirement for lifetime hormone replacement.
- Faster healing than complete elimination.
After this surgery, many individuals still generate sufficient amounts of hormones naturally. This is because the other half of the thyroid is left intact.
Total Thyroidectomy
In a complete thyroidectomy, the entire thyroid gland is removed. This is a more complicated procedure that is necessary in some severe cases of thyroid disease.
When is total thyroidectomy done?
- In confirmed thyroid cancer..
- In huge multinodular goiters.
- Graves’ disease patients or hyperthyroidism patients who cannot control their thyroid function.
- Affected lobes: Nodules or cysts when present in both lobes.
After-surgery care:
- Patients have to consume pills of thyroid hormone (such as levothyroxine) regularly.
- Blood test follow-up is essential as long as it is regular.
- Within 12 to 24 hours, most individuals return to their everyday lives.
However, this surgery is more comprehensive because the affected gland is fully exposed and completely removed, thereby eliminating the risk of future problems.
Minimally Invasive Thyroid Surgery (MIVAT)
A newer technique, minimally invasive video-assisted thyroidectomy (MIVAT), uses a small camera and small instruments to perform thyroidectomy to remove the thyroid. Such a surgery is performed through small incisions, which are sometimes only 2-3 cm long.
Who is a good fit for MIVAT?
- Individuals who have microscopic thyroid nodules or cancers of low levels.
- Patients who demand minimum scarring.
- Patients who wish to recover faster and want to experience less pain .
Benefits of MIVAT are:
- Tiny scars, as they are concealed in the folds of the skin.
- Reduction of post-operative pain.
- Shorter hospital stay .
- Quicker recovery to everyday life.
However, MIVAT is not suitable for very large goiters or complex cases.
Choosing the Right Surgeon Matters
Thyroid surgery is close to many vital nerves and glands. That is why it is crucial to select an experienced surgeon who specializes in Thyroid surgeries.
Patients usually prefer Australia’s leading endocrine surgeons for this delicate work. These experts are well-trained in the latest surgical techniques. They also know how to protect the nerves of your voice box and parathyroid glands during the surgery.
Why do you need a specialist?
- With professional help, the risk of complications is reduced. These complications may include voice changes, calcium imbalance, or any other issues that inexperienced surgeons may encounter.
- Specialists always make sure that the patient receives a proper diagnosis. They also provide mindful treatment with follow-up sessions. Follow-up sessions are very important to address any issues that may occur post-surgery.
- With a specialist, your overall success rate is automatically improved. This is due to the experience they have in their field. Patient satisfaction is also very good with a specialised thyroid surgeon.
Conclusion
Choosing the right thyroid surgery can significantly improve your health and quality of life. From a simple lobectomy to advanced MIVAT, your treatment should be as per your condition and requirements.
Always consult a skilled endocrine surgeon to make sure the results are safe, successful, and with minimal complications. Remember health is the most important asset, don’t compromise with it.
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Last Updated on July 17, 2025 by Marie Benz MD FAAD
