MedicalResearch.com Interview with: Maya Leventer-Roberts, MD, MPH
Fellow Trainee
Department of Preventive Medicine
Mount Sinai School of Medicine
MedicalResearch.com: What are the main findings of the study?Dr. Leventer-Roberts: Overweight status among medical and surgical residents is more likely by increasing PGY of training. Overweight residents are also unlikely to acknowledge their overweight status. These changes can differ significantly from matched controls and may affect long-term health.
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MedicalResearch.com Interview with: Nisa M. Maruthur, MD, MHS
Assistant Professor of Medicine & Epidemiology
The Johns Hopkins University
Early Response to Preventive Strategies in the Diabetes Prevention Program
MedicalResearch.com: What are the main findings of the study?Dr. Maruther: For patients engaged in a lifestyle intervention to prevent diabetes, weight loss early on (at 6 months) is an extremely strong predictor of whether they will develop diabetes down the road. Even in the setting of substantial weight loss (>10%) at 6 months, it is still beneficial to lower fasting glucose. These results are unique in that we previously understood that weight loss over time (years) is important to prevent diabetes, but now we know the impact of early weight loss on longer-term diabetes risk.
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MedicalResearch.com Interview with: Susan E. Swithers PhD
Professor, Behavioral NeuroscienceDepartment of Psychological Sciences and Ingestive Behavior Research Center
Purdue University, 703 Third Street
West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
MedicalResearch.com: What are the main findings of the study?Dr. Swithers: The paper examined the last 5 years of studies that looked at risks associated with consuming artificially sweetened beverages like diet soda. These studies indicated that those who consume diet soda were at significantly greater risk for a variety of negative health outcomes like type 2 diabetes, coronary heart disease, hypertension and stroke, along with being more likely to gain excess weight. These effects might be due to a disruption of basic learned response. The idea is that normally things when things that taste sweet are consumed, the body receives calories and sugar. Our bodies can learn to prepare to deal with these calories and this sugar by starting up our digestive processes as soon as the sweet taste hits our mouth, for example by releasing hormones that not only help us regulate blood sugar, but also can contribute to feelings of fullness. When we consume diet sodas, the mouth gets the sweet taste, but the body doesn't get the calories or the sugar. The body may then learn that a sweet taste in the mouth doesn't always predict sugar and calories, so it makes adjustments in how many hormones it releases. So when we actually consume real sugar, the body doesn't produce the same kinds of physiological responses, which can lead to overeating, higher blood sugar, and over the long term could contribute to diseases like diabetes and stroke.
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MedicalResearch.com eInterview with
Martin Sénéchal, Ph.D.
Postdoctoral Researcher
The Manitoba Institute of Child Health
University of Manitoba
511E- 715 McDermot Ave Winnipeg, Manitoba
MedicalResearch.com: What are the main findings of the study?
Answer:The main finding of this study is that reducing central adiposity and increasing fitness in men and women with Type 2 diabetes are key components for successfully improving glycemic control.
A secondary finding of the study is that improvement in both central adiposity (reduction) and fitness (increasing) simultaneously; increase the likelihood of reducing HbA1c, one of the most widely used indicators of glucose control, and/or Type 2 diabetes medications.
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MedicalResearch.com eInterview with Professor David McDonald Taylor
Emergency Department, Austin Health
PO Box 5555, Heidelberg, Vic. 3084, Australia
MedicalResearch.com: What are the main findings of the study?Answer: Overall, obese and non-obese patients have similar experiences during their ED stay. However, while obese patients tend to be younger and less sick, their more frequent presentation with potentially cardiac-related disease is reflected in their management. The excess of liver function tests and abdominal xrays performed on obese patients is likely to reflect examination difficulties and over investigation. Obese patients do experience more attempts at IV cannulation.
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MedicalResearch.com: What are the main findings of the study?Dr. Franco:Population wide weight loss of about 5 kg was related with large decreases in diabetes and cardiovascular mortality. On the contrary, Body weight regain was related with an increase in diabetes prevalence, incidence, and mortality, as well as a deceleration in the previously declining rates of cardiovascular death.
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MedicalResearch.com Author Interview: Ildiko Lingvay, MD, MPH, MSCS
Departments of Internal Medicine–Endocrinology and Clinical Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
MedicalResearch.com: What are the main findings of the study?Dr. Lingvay:We found that the restrictive diet imposed after a bariatric procedure like RYGB is the key element to the rapid improvement in the diabetes seen immediately after surgery.
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MedicalResearch.com Interview withDr. Sylvia Santosa, PhD
Department of Exercise Science
Concordia University
Department of Exercise Science
Montreal, Quebec, Canada H4B 1R6
MedicalResearch.com: What are the main findings of the study?Dr. Santosa: Our results show that postmenopausal women burn less fat making more available to be stored. Our results also suggest that greater fat storage in postmenopausal women are likely to be attributed to changes in the pathways our fat cells use to store fat. We found that some of the proteins that help our fat cells store fat were more active and this greater activity corresponded with the amount of fat stored from our circulation.
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