medical research Tag
30 Mar Breast Cancer Survivors: Increased Marker of Aging Accompanies Standard Chemotherapy
MedicalResearch.com Interview with:
Hanna Sanoff MD, MPH
Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center
Department of Medicine
University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC
MedicalResearch.com: What are the main findings of the study?
Dr. Sanoff: We measured p16, a protein that increases with cellular aging, in blood cells of women receiving chemotherapy for breast cancer. We found that a standard course of chemotherapy led to an increase in p16 expression equivalent to what we have previous seen in people over the course of 10-15 years of chronological aging. This increase persisted in cancer survivors an average of three and half years after treatment.
30 Mar Gulf War Illness May Be Due to Mitochondrial Damage from Toxin Exposures
MedicalResearch.com Interview with:
Beatrice A. Golomb MD, PhD
Professor of Medicine
Family and Preventive Medicine
University of California, San Diego
MedicalResearch.com: What are the main findings of the study?
Dr. Golomb: The main finding is that veterans with Gulf War illness have bioenergetic defects -- dysfunction of mitochondria, the energy producing elements of cells -- that is evident in comparing affected veterans to matched healthy controls.
An estimated 1/4 to 1/3 of the ~700,000 US veterans from the 1990-1 Gulf War developed chronic multisymptom health problems that entail fatigue, cognitive and other CNS problems, muscle pain, weakness and exercise intolerance, with high rates of gastrointestinal (especially diarrhea) and neurological problems, and other symptoms - as well as autonomic dysfunction. Evidence suggests these problems have not abated with time. Veterans from other nations that have conducted epidemiological studies, including the UK, Canada, and Australia, also show elevated rates of problems.
30 Mar Diabetic Kidney Disease: Potential New Therapeutic Target Discovered
MedicalResearch.com Interview with:
Dr. Paolo Fiorina, MD PhD
Assistant Professor, Division of Nephrology,
Harvard Medical School
and
Dr. Roberto Bassi
Post-doctoral research fellow
Nephrology Department at Children's Hospital Boston.
MedicalResearch.com: What are the main findings of the study?
Dr. Fiorina: It is common knowledge that type 2 diabetes is a worldwide epidemic and that diabetic nephropathy has become the leading cause of renal failure in the western world. One of the main drivers and worsening factors for the diabetic kidney disease is proteinuria associated with various degrees of tubular damage, and unfortunately, therapies to halt or prevent this complication are not available so far. Our findings show that B7-1 when expressed on podocytes (a specific subset of renal cells) determines alterations in podocytes function and morphology, predisposing individuals with T2D to the loss of proteins into the urine. We also demonstrate that Abatacept, an immunomodulatory drug currently employed for the treatment of a variety of autoimmune diseases, is able to specifically target this malignant pathway, preventing podocytes cellular alterations in vitro and proteinuria development in two murine models of diabetic nephropathy in vivo.
29 Mar New Hypertension Guidelines Potentially Affect Millions of Americans
MedicalResearch.com Interview with: Ann Marie Navar-Boggan, MD, PhD Division of Cardiology, Duke University Medical Center Durham, North Carolina MedicalResearch.com: What are the main findings of the study? Dr. Navar-Boggan: Two groups of adults are really affected by the updated guidelines. First, 13.5 million adults, including one in five adults over the age of 60, were previously considered to have uncontrolled blood pressure but now meet new guideline goals. Next, 14 million adults over the age of 60 (one in four adults in this age group) are currently on blood pressure lowering therapy and meeting the older, more stringent targets. The guidelines state that no changes are necessary in this group, but they may be eligible for reduced therapy, particularly if they have had side effects or difficulty with the therapies they are taking.29 Mar Statins and Sex
MedicalResearch.com Interview with:
Dr. John B. Kostis, MD
Chief of Medical Service, RWJUH
Professor of Medicine & Pharmacology
Chair - Department of Medicine
Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson
MedicalResearch.com: What are the main findings of the study?
Dr.Kostis: In this meta-analysis statins improved erectile function in men with decreased function on the average.
29 Mar Trauma Is Leading Cause of US Deaths in Age Group 47 and Younger
MedicalResearch.com Interview with: Peter M. Rhee, MD, MPH Chief, Division of Trauma, Critical Care, Burn and Emergency Surgery Professor of Surgery, Medical Director, UMC Trauma Center Co-Medical Director, Pediatric ICU Program Director, Acute Care Surgery Fellowship University of Arizona MedicalResearch.com: What are the main findings of the study? Dr. Rhee: In just 10 years from 2000 to 2010,...
28 Mar New Statins Guidelines Will Prevent More Heart Attacks, Stroke But Treat More Who May Not Need Them
MedicalResearch.com Interview with:
Michael J. Pencina, PhD
Professor of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics
Director of Biostatistics
Duke Clinical Research Institute
Durham, NC 27710
MedicalResearch.com: What motivated your research?
Dr. Pencina: After the new guidelines were issued last November, we were intrigued by the change in treatment philosophy from that based on cholesterol levels (used by the “old guidelines” known as NCEP ATPIII) to one based on 10-year risk of cardiovascular disease (used by the new AHA-ACC guidelines). We were curious what the practical consequences of this shift would be.
Furthermore, the media quoted a lot of experts making educated guesses on the impact. We realized that this question can be answered much more precisely based on the NHANES data.
28 Mar Public Support For Taxes on Sugar-Sweetened Beverages Still Low
MedicalResearch.com Interview with: Jeff
Niederdeppe
Assistant Professor Department of Communication
Cornell University.
MedicalResearch.com: What are the main findings of the study?
Answer: We conducted an Internet-based survey (N = 1319) with a nationally-representative sample of U.S. adults aged 18–64 during the fall of 2012. Americans voiced the highest levels of support for calorie labeling (65%) and removing drinks from schools (62%), and the lowest support for taxes (22%) or portion size restrictions (26%). Americans were evenly split on whether or not they support restricting sugary drink to children (50%) and requiring TV stations to air ads promoting healthy eating and exercise equal to the time used to advertise for sugary drinks (51%). Democrats and those with negative views of soda companies are more likely to support each of these policies.
28 Mar Calorie Intake Goes Up As Cereal Flake Size Goes Down
MedicalResearch.com Interview with:
Barbara J. Rolls, PhD
Department of Nutritional Sciences
The Pennsylvania State University, 226 Henderson Building
University Park, PA 16802-6501
MedicalResearch.com: What are the main findings of the study?
Dr. Rolls: We found that as we reduced the flake size of a breakfast cereal so that it filled a smaller volume, individuals ate a greater weight and more calories of the cereal. On four occasions, we served a popular wheat flake cereal, or the same weight of cereal crushed to 80%, 60%, or 40% of its volume, to 41 adults for breakfast. As the flake size was reduced, people made reductions in the volume of cereal they poured, but they still took a greater amount of weight and calories. They ended up eating 72 more calories at breakfast when they ate the cereal with the smallest flake size, an increase of 34%. These findings show that variations in food volume due to the size of individual food pieces affect the portion of food that people take, which in turn affects how much they eat.
27 Mar Powerpoint Presentation of Recent Medical Research Interviews and News
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14 Mar Powerpoint of Recent Medical Reseach Interviews
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12 Mar Randomized Controlled Trials: 25% Discontinued, Mostly in Patient Studies
MedicalResearch.com Interview with:
Matthias Briel, MD, MSc
Basel Institute for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University Hospital of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
MedicalResearch.com: What are the main findings of the study?
Dr. Briel: Using a retrospective cohort of 1017 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) based on archived protocols approved by six research ethics committees in Switzerland, Germany, and Canada between 2000 and 2003, we found that 25% of initiated RCTs were discontinued. While discontinuation was common with RCTs involving patients (28%), it was rare in RCTs with healthy volunteers (3%). The most commonly reported reason for RCT discontinuation was poor recruitment (10% of included RCTs). We found that trials with investigator sponsor (versus industry) and those with smaller planned sample sizes were at higher risk of discontinuation due to poor recruitment. Of discontinued RCTs, up to 60% remained unpublished. Trial investigators rarely informed research ethics committees about trial discontinuation and publication.
24 Feb Powerpoint of Recent Medical Research Interviews
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MedicalResearch.com - Medical Research Interviews Week in Review from Marie Benz , MD FAAD ...
04 Nov Non-Publication of Medical Research Remains an Issue
MedicalResearch.com Interview with:
Dr. Christopher Jones MD
Attending Physician
Department of Emergency Medicine,
Cooper Medical School of Rowan University
One Cooper Plaza, Camden, NJ 08103, USA
MedicalResearch.com: What are the main findings of the study?
Dr. Jones: We identified a group of 585 clinical trials with at least 500 participants which had been prospectively registered with ClinicalTrials.gov and completed prior to 2009. Following an extensive search of the medical literature, we were unable to identify published manuscripts for 171 (29%) of these studies. For these unpublished studies we also determined whether results were available in the ClinicalTrials.gov results database, and we found that 133 studies had no results available either in the published literature or on ClinicalTrials.gov.
28 Jul Medical Research Week in Review : Powerpoint of Recent Interviews
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MedicalResearch.com - Medical Research Week in Review from Marie Benz , MD FAAD ...
21 May The Impact Of Race And Sex Of Study Personnel On The Decision To Participate In Research
MedicalResearch.com eInterview with: Christopher J Lindsell, PhD Vice Chair for Research, Department of Emergency Medicine Director of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Research Design, Center for Clinical and Translational Science and Training University of Cincinnati 231 Albert Sabin Way Cincinnati OH 45267-0769 MedicalResearch.com: What are the main findings of the study? Dr. Lindsell: We found that for many patients, the race...