19 Oct Long-Term Cannabis Use Linked to Poorer Sleep on Wearable Trackers, Even When Users Report Sleeping Well
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MedicalResearch.com Interview with:
Thanh-Huyen T. Vu, MD, PhD
Research Associate Professor
Department of Preventive Medicine
Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
MedicalResearch.com: What is the background for this study? What are the main findings?
Response: Cannabis is widely used and legal in many states. Many people believe that it helps them sleep better. However, few studies have tested whether cannabis use is associated with sleep—particularly sleep that is measured using devices rather than self-reported. Our study asked adults about their cannabis use multiple times over 35 years. And more recently, we measured sleep duration and quality using a wearable device similar to an Apple Watch or Fitbit and asked people to tell us about their sleep.
We found that adults who used cannabis regularly over a number of years had sleep that we would describe as lower quality—more frequent awakenings and with less time during their sleep period spent asleep. However, when asked, adults who used cannabis and those who didn't reported similar sleep patterns—which wasn't the case when we measured it.
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The
Dr. Oliva[/caption]
Azahara Oliva PhD
Assistant Professor
Department of Neurobiology and Behavior
Cornell University
MedicalResearch.com: What is the background for this study? What are the main findings?
Response: The background is that we knew for a while now that neurons work hard to consolidate into memories each experience that we have during the day. But at the same time, it is known that sleep restore activity of our body and physiology. How was that possible? How can the neurons in our brain "work hard" during the time that we are supposed to be restoring our vitals? We found that in between their hard work, during sleep, our neurons take "breaks of activity" so our brain can build memories with precision.
Dr. Avinesh Bhar[/caption]
Dr. Parekh[/caption]
Ankit Parekh, PhD
Director of the Sleep And Circadian Analysis (SCAN) Group
Assistant Professor of Medicine
(Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine)
Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai
MedicalResearch.com: What is the background for this study? What are the main findings?
Response: Sleep apnea is associated with incident cardiovascular disease, and is a common chronic condition affecting over a billion people worldwide. In diagnosing and treating sleep apnea, it is imperative to establish the type of sleep apnea—whether it is obstructive or central sleep apnea. The differential contribution of central vs. obstructive sleep apnea toward incidental cardiovascular disease in those with significant sleep apnea has not been well studied.
Our group has developed an automated algorithm that deduces on a breath-by-breath level whether reductions in airflow are predominantly due to obstructive or central phenomena. Our algorithm uses several features that are known to be key in distinguishing the type of events and derives a probability of obstruction across each “small” (reduced amplitude) breath. The breath-by-breath probability is then used to determine whether a patient’s burden of sleep apnea is predominantly obstructive or central.
In this work, we analyzed sleep study data from The Osteoporotic Fractures in Men (MrOS) cohort (N=2793) consisting of elderly men, across two visits separated on average by 6.5 years, and derived the probability of obstruction on a breath-by-breath level. The median probability of obstruction for each subject was computed and analyzed against outcomes of cardiovascular disease. We also assessed the stability of the metric in those without any prevalent cardiovascular disease. We find that median probability of obstruction was stable across the two visits, and those with any incident cardiovascular disease had a lower median probability of obstruction: patients with incident cardiovascular outcomes had a significant burden of sleep apnea that was predominantly “central” in nature.