Author Interviews, Brigham & Women's - Harvard, Genetic Research, JAMA, Karolinski Institute, Prostate Cancer / 05.07.2024
Prostate Cancer: Men With Genetic Risk at Increased Risk of Dying Early
MedicalResearch.com Interview with:
[caption id="attachment_62249" align="alignleft" width="204"]
Dr. Plym[/caption]
Anna Plym PhD
Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics,
Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health
Department of Urology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital
Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
MedicalResearch.com: What is the background for this study?
Response: Prostate cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer death among men, with approximately one third of the deaths occurring before the age of 75 years. There is a need for a better understanding of the risk factors for those early deaths. Our previous research has indicated that inherited factors play a major role.
Dr. Plym[/caption]
Anna Plym PhD
Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics,
Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health
Department of Urology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital
Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
MedicalResearch.com: What is the background for this study?
Response: Prostate cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer death among men, with approximately one third of the deaths occurring before the age of 75 years. There is a need for a better understanding of the risk factors for those early deaths. Our previous research has indicated that inherited factors play a major role.
Elena Stains
Medical Student
Department of Medical Education
Geisinger Commonwealth School of Medicine
Scranton, PA
MedicalResearch.com: What is the background for this study?
Response: Opioid use has been an increasing problem since the early 2000s in the United States (US) with a surge around 2010. Twenty-five percent of those having abused pain relievers in 2013 and 2014 got those drugs from physicians1. Physicians are particularly well-known for fueling the opioid crisis in Florida in the 2000s. Of the United States’ top 100 opioid prescribing physicians in 2010, an astounding 98 were prescribing in Florida2. Florida taking the main stage of the opioid crisis can be attributed to several factors, including ability of physicians to dispense opioids directly from their offices to patients (i.e. without pharmacists) and the presence of many infamous “pill mills” in the state3–6.
The researchers at Geisinger Commonwealth School of Medicine aimed to analyze the amount of hydrocodone (including brand names of Vicodin and Lortab) and oxycodone (OxyContin and Percocet) distributed in Florida from 2006 to 2021, paying close attention to the peak year of the opioid crisis, 2010. The team used the Washington Post and the US Drug Enforcement Administration’s Automation of Reports and Consolidated Orders System (ARCOS) databases to compile this compelling information.
Dr. Hagobian[/caption]
Todd Hagobian, Ph.D.
pronouns he/him/his
Department Chair & Professor, Kinesiology and Public Health
Cal Poly, San Luis Obispo, CA
MedicalResearch.com: What is the background for this study?
Response: Previous observational studies have shown that urinary BPA is related to Type 2 diabetes risk. Meaning, higher urinary BPA is related to an increased risk of Type 2 diabetes. However, no published study to date has determined whether several days of BPA administration (participants consume BPA) increases the risk of Type 2 diabetes.
MedicalResearch.com: Where is bisphenol found? Can exposure to bisphenol be limited in everyday life?
Response: BPA and other bisphenols are found in canned foods and plastics. BPA is one of the most widely used synthetic chemicals and we consume foods that are packed in this chemical. Most of BPA exposure comes from canned foods, and 93% of the US populations has detectable urine levels of BPA. We can limit BPA by reducing canned foods (or purchased BPA free cans) and plastic use.
Dr. LaMoreaux[/caption]
Brian LaMoreaux, MD, MS
Internist and Rheumatologist
Executive Medical Director, Amgen
MedicalResearch.com: What is the background for this study? How does KRYSTEXXA® (pegloticase) work in gout?
Response: Many other diseases in gout have well-defined definitions of remission, but gout has lagged behind on this. With systemic consequences of gout becoming more apparent, the concept of treating gout to remission is increasing important to improving patient care and preserving patient health.
Ben Petrazzini[/caption]
Ben Omega Petrazzini, B.Sc.
Associate Bioinformatician
Dr. Patel[/caption]
Rima Patel, MD
Assistant Professor, Division of Hematology/Oncology
The Tisch Cancer Institute
Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai
MedicalResearch.com: What is the background for this study?
Response: The 21-gene Oncotype DX Recurrence Score (RS) and 70-gene MammaPrint (MP) assays provide prognostic information for distant recurrence and are used to guide chemotherapy use in hormone receptor (HR)-positive, HER2-negative early breast cancer (EBC). Previous reports have demonstrated racial differences in the prognostic accuracy of the RS. In both the TAILORx and RxPONDER trials, Black women with low genomic risk (RS 0-25) had a higher recurrence risk than White women. In another study using the NCDB database,
Dr. Shah[/caption]
Silvi Shah, MD,MS,FASN,FACP
Associate Professor
Internal Medicine | College of Medicine
University of Cincinnati College of Medicine
MedicalResearch.com: What is the background for this study?
Response: AKI (Acute Kidney Injury) is a major contributor to end-stage kidney disease (ESKD).
About a third of patients with ESKD recover kidney function due to AKI. The study looked at the health outcomes of 22,922 patients from the U.S. Renal Data System from 2005 to 2014 to construct a clinical scoring system to predict kidney recovery within 90 days and 12 months after the start of dialysis for kidney failure patients due to acute kidney injury (AKI)