Author: Marie Benz MD FAAD

11 Feb

Posted at 15:35h in Author Interviews, Gastrointestinal Disease
MedicalResearch.com Interview with: [caption id="attachment_66492" align="alignleft" width="144"]Arun B. Jesudian, MDAssociate Professor of Clinical Medicine Medicine  Weill Cornell Medical Center Transplant hepatologist at NewYork-Presbyterian/Weill Cornell Medical Center Dr. Jesudian[/caption] Arun B. Jesudian, MD Associate Professor of Clinical Medicine Medicine Weill Cornell Medical Center Transplant hepatologist at NewYork-Presbyterian/Weill Cornell Medical Center MedicalResearch.com: What is the background for this study? Response: In recent years, the demand for gastroenterologists continues to increase due to an aging population, increase in the prevalence of gastrointestinal and hepatology diseases, updates in screening and surveillance recommendations, and advances in therapeutic techniques. In this study, we set out to examine geographic distributions of gastroenterologists in the United States. MedicalResearch.com: What are the main findings? Response:  We found that on a national level, over 80% of the population lives within 25 miles of the closest gastroenterologist. However, 2,183 (69%) of the US counties do not have a practicing gastroenterologist, and 454 of the 1,167 metropolitan counties in the US do not have a gastroenterologist. Additionally, gastroenterologists in non-metropolitan counties tend to be older, with almost a third over the age of 65.

10 Feb

Posted at 17:51h in Mental Health Research
[caption id="attachment_66466" align="aligncenter" width="500"]self-care-isnt-selfish Source[/caption] Have you ever felt overwhelmed, stressed, or emotionally drained and wondered how to regain balance? Mental health is a vital part of our overall well-being, affecting how we think, feel, and act. Whether you're dealing with daily stressors, managing anxiety, or recovering from addiction, taking care of your mental health is just as important as looking after your physical health. In California and beyond, many people are seeking ways to support their mental wellness, especially with the growing awareness around mental health issues. Mental health challenges can range from mild stress to more severe conditions like depression, anxiety disorders, or addiction. Fortunately, there are various ways to support your mental health, whether through lifestyle changes, professional help, or simple daily practices. In this blog, we will share practical strategies to help you on your mental health and wellness journey.

Prioritize Regular Physical Activity

Physical activity is not only great for your body; it’s great for your mind, too. Exercise releases endorphins, the "feel-good" chemicals in your brain, which can improve your mood and reduce feelings of stress and anxiety. You don’t need to run marathons to see benefits. Simple activities like walking, dancing, or even stretching can have a positive impact. Consistency is key. Aim for at least 30 minutes of moderate exercise most days of the week. This could be as simple as a morning jog, a yoga session, or an after-dinner walk. Regular movement can help clear your mind, improve sleep, and boost self-esteem, all of which support better mental health.

10 Feb

Posted at 15:16h in Author Interviews, Mental Health Research, Microbiome
MedicalResearch.com Interview with: [caption id="attachment_66462" align="alignleft" width="200"]Associate Professor Shawn JeNeuroscience and Behavioural Disorders Programme, Duke-NUS Medical School Shawn Je[/caption] Associate Professor Shawn Je Neuroscience and Behavioural Disorders Programme, Duke-NUS Medical School MedicalResearch.com: What is the background for this study? What questions were you trying to address?  Response: The project started in 2013 when I met Professor Sven Petterson, then a visiting professor from the Karolinska Institute, during his time at the National Cancer Centre Singapore (NCCS) in Singapore. At the time, our lab was studying autism, and we discovered that many children with autism also had gastrointestinal problems. This sparked my interest in the relationship between gut microbiota and brain disorders. Professor Petterson had already established a germ-free facility at NCCS to study the link between cancer and gut microbiota. I asked him if he could create germ-free C57BL/6 mice, a strain often used to study learning, memory and brain disorders. After developing the mice, we subjected them to behavioural testing at the Duke-NUS Behavioural Phenotyping Facility to assess their emotional responses (fear, anxiety, depression), cognitive abilities (learning and memory), and social interactions. We were surprised to find that the germ-free C57BL/6 mice exhibited increased anxiety, although no significant changes in social behaviours typical of autism were observed. Anxiety was assessed using tests in which mice were placed in an elevated arena with open and closed sections, and the time spent in each area was measured. The increased anxiety in these germ-free mice had not been reported before, so we repeated the tests several times to confirm the findings. Interestingly, other researchers had observed hyperactivity in germ-free mice of different strains, but our C57BL/6 mice showed unusual anxious behaviour, even though this strain typically has lower anxiety. This led us to investigate the underlying mechanisms behind the increased anxiety in these mice, with the goal of discovering why this particular strain exhibited such pronounced anxiety.

09 Feb

Posted at 15:14h in Author Interviews, JAMA, Salt-Sodium, Stroke
MedicalResearch.com Interview with: Xiong Ding, MPH School of Public Health Wuhan University Wuhan, China MedicalResearch.com: What is the background for this study? Response: Stroke is one of the leading causes of death and long-term disability worldwide, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. Patients who have previously experienced a stroke are at high risk of recurrence, and in China, this risk is even higher than the global average. It is well established that high blood pressure is a major risk factor for stroke recurrence, and lowering blood pressure is an effective preventive strategy. Salt substitutes, which replace part of sodium chloride with potassium chloride, have been shown to lower blood pressure by reducing sodium intake and increasing potassium intake. However, before our study, there was limited direct evidence demonstrating whether salt substitutes could reduce the risk of stroke recurrence and death. Therefore, we conducted this research as part of the Salt Substitute and Stroke Study (SSaSS), specifically focusing on stroke survivors to determine the long-term health effects of salt substitution in this high-risk population.

05 Feb

Posted at 20:26h in Author Interviews, Infections
MedicalResearch.com Interview with: [caption id="attachment_66392" align="alignleft" width="200"]Prof. Vishnu Chaturvedi, Ph.D., HCLDDepartment of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology New York Medical College Department of Pathology, Westchester Medical Center Valhalla, New York Prof. Chaturvedi[/caption] Prof. Vishnu Chaturvedi, Ph.D., HCLD Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology New York Medical College Department of Pathology, Westchester Medical Center Valhalla, New York, MedicalResearch.com: What is the background for this study? How does Candida auris differ from Candida albicans, ie in clinical presentation or treatment?    
  1. Candida aurisis a newly discovered yeast that is considered a global health threat by the CDC and WHO. The sudden emergence and rapid spread of this multidrug-resistant pathogen is being explained by several published hypotheses. These include global warming, salt water tolerance, or agriculture use of fungicides as plausible causes. In the US, the NY-NJ metropolitan area was the first to suffer from drug-resistant Candia auris clade I genotype. None of the earlier hypotheses could explain the appearance in NY-NJ. Here, we set out to answer two related questions: “why NY-NJ?” and “why clade I?”
  2. Candida albicansis a well-known commensal yeast that frequents human mucosal surfaces in the mouth, vagina, etc. In contrast, Candida auris is a newly discovered yeast that colonizes the skin of hospitalized patients and long-term care residents. A small subset of those colonized develop Candida auris bloodstream and deep tissue infections.
  3. Candida auris differs from  albicans in its ability to cause healthcare-associated infection outbreaks. Candida auris is also prone to rapid acquisition of the resistance of multiple antifungal drugs. Finally, C. auris bloodstream infections cause high mortality.

05 Feb

Posted at 01:24h in Author Interviews, Heart Disease, OBGYNE
MedicalResearch.com Interview with: [caption id="attachment_66370" align="alignleft" width="200"]Cande V. Ananth PhD MPH Professor and Vice Chair for Academic Affairs Chief, Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, NJ Editor-in-Chief, Paediatric and Perinatal Epidemiology Prof. Ananth[/caption] Cande V. Ananth PhD MPH Professor and Vice Chair for Academic Affairs Chief, Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, NJ Editor-in-Chief, Paediatric and Perinatal Epidemiology   MedicalResearch.com: What is the background for this study? Response: The rate of twin pregnancies worldwide has risen in recent decades, driven by fertility treatments and older maternal ages. MedicalResearch.com: What are the main findings? Response: Compared to singleton pregnancies with normal blood pressure, people with twins with normal blood pressure were around twice as likely to be hospitalized with cardiovascular disease. For those with twins with high blood pressure during pregnancy, the risk was more than eight times higher. 

30 Jan

Posted at 01:15h in Author Interviews, Cannabis, JAMA, Pediatrics, UCSD
MedicalResearch.com Interview with: [caption id="attachment_66243" align="alignleft" width="150"]John Bellettiere, PhDAssistant Adjunct Professor Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health & Human Longevity Science University of California, San Diego Dr. Bellettiere[/caption] John Bellettiere, PhD Assistant Adjunct Professor Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health & Human Longevity Science University of California, San Diego MedicalResearch.com: What is the background for this study? Response:  Smoking is the most common method of cannabis use and generates harmful emissions.  Cannabis is often smoked indoors, which exposes non-smokers, including children, to these emissions. Our research analyzed in-home cannabis smoking practices to determine if there is an association between this behavior and the detection of cannabis biomarkers in children.

28 Jan

Posted at 22:28h in Author Interviews, Cannabis, Cognitive Issues, JAMA, Memory, Mental Health Research
MedicalResearch.com Interview with: [caption id="attachment_66219" align="alignleft" width="200"]Joshua Gowin PhDAssistant Professor, Radiology Anschutz Medical Campus University of Colorado  Dr. Gowin[/caption] Joshua Gowin PhD Assistant Professor, Radiology Anschutz Medical Campus University of Colorado  MedicalResearch.com: What is the background for this study? Response: Many people want to know how cannabis affects their brain and cognitive abilities. Previous studies have shown that cannabis use can impair learning and verbal memory function. Some evidence has shown that cannabis use is associated with smaller volume of areas of the prefrontal cortex. Our study investigated how cannabis use is associated with brain function. We examined brain function across 7 tasks in 1,000 adults. 88 of them had used cannabis over 1,000 times in their lives.

28 Jan

Posted at 15:22h in Author Interviews, Cancer Research
MedicalResearch.com Interview with: [caption id="attachment_66204" align="alignleft" width="200"]Christopher Choi, PhD, MBASenior Vice President of Industry Partnerships Associate Professor of Oncology Technical Director of GMP Engineering & Cell Manufacturing Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center Buffalo, NY Dr. Choi[/caption] Christopher Choi, PhD, MBA Senior Vice President of Industry Partnerships Associate Professor of Oncology Technical Director of GMP Engineering & Cell Manufacturing Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center Buffalo, NY MedicalResearch.com: What is the background for this study?  What is a GMP facility? Response: The opening of the Roswell Park GMP Engineering & Cell Manufacturing Facility (GEM) facility marks a significant milestone in advancing cell and gene therapy research at Roswell Park. Our GMP (Good Manufacturing Practice) facility is a specialized manufacturing space designed to produce cell-based and gene-based products under stringent regulatory conditions to ensure product safety, quality and consistency. These facilities are critical for translating innovative research into clinical-grade products that meet regulatory standards for use in patient care. The GEM Facility is part of our commitment to driving the next generation of cancer treatments and other advanced therapies, addressing a critical bottleneck in the development of these transformative technologies.

27 Jan

Posted at 14:31h in Global Health, Health Care Workers
  [caption id="attachment_66153" align="aligncenter" width="468"]Adapting to Global Trends for a Thriving Career in Healthcare Source[/caption] The healthcare industry is in a state of constant transformation, driven by global trends such as an aging population, increased accessibility to care, and advances in medical knowledge. Professionals in the field are finding themselves at a crossroads where adapting to these changes is no longer optional but essential. Careers in healthcare have expanded beyond traditional roles, and there is now a demand for those who can balance expertise with innovation to meet the needs of diverse populations. Adapting to global trends is about staying ahead of the curve and aligning skills with new expectations. Healthcare professionals who prioritize continuous learning, implement new practices, and expand their expertise are better equipped to thrive in this evolving landscape. Whether it’s adopting holistic practices or understanding workforce dynamics, staying informed and flexible is key to success. Let’s explore more on this below: Focusing on Family Health to Meet Growing Needs Family health is a cornerstone of global healthcare, and its importance continues to grow as populations age and chronic conditions become more prevalent. Conditions like diabetes, hypertension, and cardiovascular diseases are rising and often affect multiple generations within a family, requiring coordinated care that meets the needs of both individuals and their broader support systems. Family Nurse Practitioners (FNPs) play a pivotal role in delivering comprehensive care that spans generations. From managing common illnesses to providing preventative care, FNPs help families navigate a range of health concerns. With increasing demand for accessible and personalized healthcare, the FNP role has never been more critical. Professionals seeking to advance in this field can benefit from programs like a 12 month FNP program online. These programs offer a practical path for healthcare workers to gain the necessary skills without pausing their current careers. Online education allows flexibility while equipping FNPs with the expertise to provide patient-centered care, manage chronic conditions, and promote preventative health. As family health needs continue to expand globally, those trained in FNP roles are positioned to make meaningful contributions to their communities and beyond.

27 Jan

Posted at 10:59h in Author Interviews, Immunotherapy, Lymphoma
MedicalResearch.com Interview with: [caption id="attachment_66115" align="alignleft" width="130"]Joshua Brody MDDirector, Lymphoma Immunotherapy Program Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai Hess Center for Science and Medicine New York, New York 10029 Dr. Brody[/caption] Joshua Brody MD Director, Lymphoma Immunotherapy Program Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai Hess Center for Science and Medicine New York, New York 10029   MedicalResearch.com: What is the background for this study?
  • Patients with relapsed diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) have poor outcomes.
  • Standard chemotherapy e.g. Gemcitabine + Oxaliplatin (GemOx) yields complete response in ~30% of these patients.
  • Epcoritamab, a CD3xCD20 bispecific antibody immunotherapy was recently approved for relapsed DLBCL as monotherapy but is not yet approved as part of combination therapy.
  • Other immunotherapies e.g. CAR-T have been difficult to combine with standard therapies.

25 Jan

Posted at 16:17h in Author Interviews, Cannabis, JAMA
MedicalResearch.com Interview with: [caption id="attachment_66106" align="alignleft" width="200"]Silvia S. Martins, MD, PhDAssociate Dean for Faculty Professor of Epidemiology Director, Substance Use Epidemiology Unit Co-Director, Substance Abuse Epidemiology T32 Program Department of Epidemiology Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health New York, NY Dr. Martins[/caption] Silvia S. Martins, MD, PhD Associate Dean for Faculty Professor of Epidemiology Director, Substance Use Epidemiology Unit Co-Director, Substance Abuse Epidemiology T32 Program Department of Epidemiology Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health New York, NY MedicalResearch.com: What is the background for this study? Response: Much has been speculated on whether the enactment of medical and recreational cannabis laws can have a role in decreasing prescriptions for opioid pain relievers, opioid use and misuse, opioid use disorder, and overdose in the U.S. However, findings on the associations of medical cannabis laws alone and recreational cannabis las + medical cannabis laws with opioid-related outcomes are mixed. By the end of 2019, 32 U.S. states had adopted medical marijuana laws (MCL) alone. All states that went on to adopt recreational marijuana laws (RCL) had previously adopted an MCL.

21 Jan

Posted at 18:58h in Author Interviews, Disability Research, Exercise - Fitness, Pain Research
MedicalResearch.com Interview with: [caption id="attachment_66034" align="alignleft" width="133"]Cheryl A. Krause-Parello, PhD, RN, FAANAssociate Vice President for Research Associate Executive Director & Faculty Fellow Institute for Human Health and Disease Intervention (I-HEALTH) Director, C-P.A.W.W. Canines Providing Assistance to Wounded Warriors® Health Research Initiative for Veterans Professor (Secondary), Christine E. Lynn College of Nursing Florida Atlantic University Dr. Cheryl Krause-Parello[/caption] Cheryl A. Krause-Parello, PhD, RN, FAAN Associate Vice President for Research Associate Executive Director & Faculty Fellow Institute for Human Health and Disease Intervention (I-HEALTH) Director, C-P.A.W.W. Canines Providing Assistance to Wounded Warriors® Health Research Initiative for Veterans Professor (Secondary), Christine E. Lynn College of Nursing Florida Atlantic University MedicalResearch.com: What is the background for this study? Response: Chronic pain, especially chronic low back pain, is a significant issue for U.S. military veterans, affecting 40–70% of this population and often leading to disability. Veterans experience higher rates of chronic pain than civilians, with back pain being the most prevalent type. Younger veterans and those from recent conflicts report more severe pain, while older veterans frequently face persistent chronic pain. Complicating factors include comorbid conditions such as PTSD, traumatic brain injury, and behavioral disorders, as well as an increased reliance on opioids, which pose risks of addiction and overdose. This underscores the need for nonpharmacological interventions like qigong, a traditional Chinese practice combining movement, breathing, and meditation, to address the biopsychosocial challenges of chronic low back pain.

20 Jan

Posted at 17:35h in Endocrinology, Hormone Therapy
Editor’s note:  There are short and long term risks of hormone therapy, including oxytocin. Hormone and supplements products may not be FDA tested or approved. All hormone therapy should be taken only under the direction of an experienced endocrinologist or medical provider. Please also remember that photos, text and illustrations on websites do not guarantee results.  Cardiovascular health is often viewed through a lens dominated by risk factors like cholesterol, blood pressure, and lifestyle choices. While these are crucial, emerging research highlights a deeper interplay between hormones and heart health. Among these, the role of oxytocin, often called the "love hormone," provides intriguing insights. However, the scope extends far beyond oxytocin, encompassing a web of hormonal influences that shape cardiovascular resilience and risk. This article explores these connections, emphasizing a more holistic understanding of heart health. [caption id="attachment_66009" align="aligncenter" width="500"]cardiovascular-health-hormones Photo by Towfiqu barbhuiya[/caption]

The Hormonal Web and the Heart

The cardiovascular system is heavily influenced by hormones, which act as chemical messengers coordinating various bodily functions. Key players include adrenaline, cortisol, estrogen, testosterone, and oxytocin. These hormones regulate heart rate, blood vessel dilation, inflammation, and cholesterol metabolism. While acute hormonal changes prepare the body for immediate challenges, chronic imbalances can wreak havoc on cardiovascular health. For instance, prolonged exposure to elevated cortisol levels from stress contributes to hypertension, arterial damage, and increased risk of heart attack. Understanding these hormonal dynamics is essential for developing targeted interventions that not only treat symptoms but also address the root causes of cardiovascular issues.

Cortisol: The Stress-Induced Culprit

Cortisol, often dubbed the "stress hormone," is a double-edged sword. In short bursts, it helps manage acute stress by increasing heart rate and energy availability. However, chronic stress leads to consistently elevated cortisol levels, which can:
  • Increase blood pressure by promoting sodium retention.
  • Elevate blood sugar levels, contributing to insulin resistance and diabetes—both risk factors for cardiovascular disease.
  • Encourage visceral fat accumulation, which exacerbates inflammation and atherosclerosis.
Managing stress through mindfulness practices, regular exercise, and adequate sleep is a cornerstone of reducing cortisol's harmful effects on the heart.

16 Jan

Posted at 20:04h in Author Interviews, Ophthalmology, Technology
MedicalResearch.com Interview with: Prof Alfonso Savastano Ospedale Generale Regionale “F. Miulli” - Acquaviva delle Fonti (BA) and Libera Università Mediterranea Degennaro (L.U.M.)- Casamassima (BA)  MedicalResearch.com: What is the background for this study? Response: The SING IMT® (Smaller-Incision New-Generation Implantable Miniature Telescope) is a novel, intraocular device for people blinded in the central vision by late-stage, age-related macular degeneration (AMD), the leading cause of unpreventable blindness. It is approved for use in CE referenced countries and under investigation in the United States. [caption id="attachment_65965" align="aligncenter" width="500"]Ocular Telescope for Blindness from Ocular Degeneration SING IMT for Late-Stage, Age-Related Macular Degeneration from Samsara Vision[/caption] Our study evaluated the intermediate-term visual and safety outcomes of the SING IMT in patients (n=35) 55 years and older at 6 months post-surgery and found that SING IMT implantation improved distance and near vision, with an expected impact on the corneal endothelium cell density and manageable safety outcomes. Key findings include:
  • At six months post-surgery, at least 1-, 2-, and 3-line gains in best-corrected distance (BCDVA) were achieved in 97.1 percent, 68.6 percent and 51.4 percent of operated eyes, respectively
  • The percentage of patients able to read at near distance increased from 28.6 percent at baseline to 97.1 percent at six months.
  • The study also found that corrected near visual acuity was also significantly improved by ⁓3 lines at 6 months post-surgery.
  • The mean (SD) change from baseline in corneal endothelial cell density (ECD) at six months in operated eyes was -280.7 (315.9) cells/mm2 (-11.4 %). This is a result similar to that seen with standard cataract surgery.
  • The most frequent adverse event was corneal edema, and all cases were resolved with topical medications.

16 Jan

Posted at 19:40h in Author Interviews, Psychological Science
MedicalResearch.com Interview with: [caption id="attachment_65957" align="alignleft" width="160"]Xinyang Yu Xinyang Yu[/caption] Xinyang Yu, PhD Candidate Institute of Psychiatry Psychology & Neuroscience King’s College London MedicalResearch.com: What is the background for this study? Response: This study explores how genetics, brain development, and mental health work together to influence eating behaviours in young people. By analysing data from nearly 1,000 adolescents, we investigated the relationships between eating behaviours, genetic predispositions for high BMI, and changes in brain structure and mental health from ages 14 to 23. The aim was to understand why disordered eating behaviours, such as restrictive dieting or emotional overeating, often emerge alongside mental health issues during adolescence—a time when eating disorders are increasingly common.

15 Jan

Posted at 00:59h in Author Interviews, Cannabis
MedicalResearch.com Interview with: Vishal A Shetty, MS, PhD Candidate Center for Pharmacy and Innovation Outcomes, Geisinger University of Massachusetts AmherstVishal A Shetty, MS, PhD Candidate Center for Pharmacy and Innovation Outcomes, Geisinger University of Massachusetts Amherst MedicalResearch.com: What is the background for this study? Response: With more U.S. states moving toward the legalization of medical and recreational cannabis, recent studies have explored electronic health record (EHR) documentation to understand the nature of cannabis use among patient populations. However, these efforts have not been extended to patient portal messaging, which allows patients to describe health-related behaviors in ways that may not be sufficiently captured in standard EHR documentation. The primary objective of this study was to identify patient and provider secure messages that discussed cannabis and contextualize these discussions over periods prior to and after its legalization for medical purposes in Pennsylvania.

14 Jan

Posted at 12:06h in Infections, Vaccine Studies
MedicalResearch.com Interview with: [caption id="attachment_65913" align="alignleft" width="150"]Professor Ooi Eng EongEmerging Infectious Diseases Programme Duke-NUS Medical School and Shirin Kalimuddin Assistant Professor  and Senior Consultant Department of Infectious Diseases Singapore General Hospital and a faculty member of the Emerging Infectious Diseases Programme at Duke-NUS Medical School Prof. Ooi Eng Eong[/caption] Professor Ooi Eng Eong Emerging Infectious Diseases Programme Duke-NUS Medical School and Shirin Kalimuddin Assistant Professor  and Senior Consultant Department of Infectious Diseases Singapore General Hospital and a faculty member of the Emerging Infectious Diseases Programme at Duke-NUS Medical School   MedicalResearch.com: What is the background for this study? Response: The recent pandemic taught us the importance of T cells to protect against COVID-19, especially severe disease. Indeed, where SARS-CoV-2 antibody titres have been too low to neutralise new variants of concern, there is now sizeable evidence that T cells can serve as the correlate of protection against symptomatic infection. However, most working on developing or applying vaccines to prevent diseases such as dengue, continue to focus on measuring antibodies. The goal of this study was thus to determine the extent to which T cells, in the absence of neutralising antibodies, can control infection and hence disease. We thus took advantage of two other viruses that are genetically related to dengue virus, with licensed vaccines that allow us to probe the effectiveness of T cells in controlling infection. The two vaccines are the live attenuated yellow fever vaccine and the Japanese encephalitis/yellow fever chimeric vaccine. The latter vaccine was constructed using the yellow fever vaccine as the genetic backbone but bearing the genes that encode the Japanese encephalitis viral membrane and envelope proteins. As neutralising antibodies target the envelope protein, vaccination with one vaccine would produce antibodies that would not neutralise the second vaccine. However, the T cell response, which mostly target the other proteins that remain common in both vaccine strains, would be identical. 

14 Jan

Posted at 00:22h in Neurology
MedicalResearch.com Interview with: [caption id="attachment_65905" align="alignleft" width="200"]Brian C. Callaghan, MD, Ph.D, FAAN,Chair of the American Academy of Neurology’s Health Services Research Subcommittee University of Michigan Health in Ann Arbor, Michigan Dr. Callaghan[/caption] Brian C. Callaghan, MD, Ph.D, FAAN, Chair of the American Academy of Neurology’s Health Services Research Subcommittee University of Michigan Health in Ann Arbor, Michigan MedicalResearch.com: What is the background for this study? Response: Access to neurologists can be a challenge, but few studies have attempted to quantify wait times to see neurologists and the factors that affect how long a patient must wait. MedicalResearch.com: What are the main findings? Response:  Patients on Medicare wait an average of 34 days to see a neurologist after being referred by another physician with almost one in five waiting more than 90 days.

10 Jan

Posted at 19:14h in Education, Nursing, Technology
[caption id="attachment_65880" align="aligncenter" width="500"]online-medical-education Photo by Christina Morillo:[/caption]

Key Takeaways

  • Online healthcare education offers flexibility for students to balance work and studies.
  • Technological advancements are enhancing virtual learning experiences.
  • Accreditation is crucial in choosing a reputable online program.
  • Affordability and financial aid can significantly impact student decisions.
  • There are challenges in maintaining practical hands-on training in virtual scenarios.

The Rise of Online Healthcare Education

The landscape of education has radically transformed with the advent of online learning platforms. In many fields, particularly healthcare, the demand for qualified professionals continues to grow, prompting numerous educational institutions to offer online nursing programs. These programs are meticulously designed to offer the same quality and depth of education as their traditional counterparts while providing students with the flexibility to learn at their convenience. Geographic barriers are dissolving as students can now attend lectures from the other side of the world, fostering a global educational community. This democratization of education ensures that learners from diverse backgrounds can access top-quality instruction, irrespective of their location. With the pandemic further accelerating the adoption of online education, it is clear that this modality is not just a temporary trend but a permanent shift in the educational paradigm.

08 Jan

Posted at 11:49h in Alzheimer's - Dementia, Author Interviews, Herpes Viruses
MedicalResearch.com Interview with: [caption id="attachment_65850" align="alignleft" width="150"]Dr. Or Shemesh PhDThe Harvey M. Krueger Family Center for Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology School of Pharmacy - Institute for Drug Research The Hebrew University of Jerusalem Dr. Or Shemesh[/caption] Dr. Or Shemesh PhD The Harvey M. Krueger Family Center for Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology School of Pharmacy - Institute for Drug Research The Hebrew University of Jerusalem MedicalResearch.com: What is the background for this study? Response: Our study investigated the connection between herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathologies. We explored how HSV-1 proteins are present in the brains of individuals with AD and examined their interactions with tau, a key protein in AD pathology. MedicalResearch.com: What are the main findings? Response:  The main finding is that tau, traditionally seen as detrimental, might initially act as a protective response to HSV-1 by reducing neuronal death through an antiviral innate immunity pathway called cGAS-STING . Over time, this (initially beneficial) antiviral response of tau can manifest as the well established tau toxicity in Alzheimer's disease.

29 Dec

Posted at 14:02h in Author Interviews, Nutrition, Prostate Cancer
[caption id="attachment_65733" align="alignleft" width="201"]By Dr. Dan Sperling M.D., D.A.B.R.sMedical Director and Chief of Interventional Uroradiology at the Sperling Prostate Center in Florida Medical Director of its parent practice, the Sperling Medical Group Dr. Sperling[/caption] By Dr. Dan Sperling M.D., D.A.B.R. Medical Director and Chief of Interventional Uroradiology at the Sperling Prostate Center in Florida Medical Director of its parent practice, the Sperling Medical Group If the name Dr. Dean Ornish rings a bell, it’s probably because over 30 years ago he became the poster boy for preventing heart disease through diet and exercise. His 1990 book, “Dr. Dean Ornish's Program for Reversing Heart Disease,” made the NYTimes best seller list. To this day, when we think of Dr. Ornish, we think of a long and heart-healthy life. Although we don’t link Dr. Ornish with prostate health, there’s good reason to do so—but most men don’t know it. In 2008, the National Academy of Sciences published research  by Dr. Ornish and his team in an article titled “Changes in prostate gene expression in men undergoing an intensive nutrition and lifestyle intervention.” They broke new ground in our understanding of preventing prostate cancer (PCa). Dr. Ornish and his team showed that a comprehensive lifestyle program they designed actually caused changes in gene regulation. They designed an experimental lifestyle protocol and tested is on 30 PCa patients; all 30 had been diagnosed with low-risk PCa and were on Active Surveillance (no other treatment). At the start of the 3-month study, each patient’s biopsy samples were used to profile his PCa gene activity. Then all participants adhered faithfully to the following protocol:
  • A vegan (plant-based) diet (with 10% of calories from fat
  • Physical activity (walking 30 minutes a day for 6 days a week)
  • Stress reduction (yoga, progressive relaxation, breathing, meditation)
  • Dietary supplements (vitamins C and E, soy, fish oil, selenium)
  • A weekly support group to provide advice and sustain adherence to the program.

24 Dec

Posted at 23:17h in Author Interviews, Cancer Research, Lymphoma, Nutrition, University of Pennsylvania
MedicalResearch.com Interview with: [caption id="attachment_65650" align="alignleft" width="200"]Shan Liu, PhD, Postdoctoral fellowPerelman School of Medicine University of Pennsylvania Dr. Shan Liu[/caption] Shan Liu, PhD, Postdoctoral fellow Perelman School of Medicine University of Pennsylvania MedicalResearch.com: What is the background for this study? Response: Our study provides evidence that the efficacy of CAR T cell immunotherapies can be influenced by an important lifestyle factor: diet.   MedicalResearch.com: What are the main findings? Response:  Our study found that a ketogenic diet can enhance CAR T cell function through its metabolite, β-Hydroxybutyrate (BHB). Importantly, instead of altering the diet, providing BHB via oral supplementation in our preclinical model is sufficient to improve the anti-tumor function of CAR T cells. However, it's important to note that we’re still in the early stages, and we’re not yet recommending any dietary changes or supplements for patients.

19 Dec

Posted at 18:07h in Alzheimer's - Dementia, Infections
MedicalResearch.com Interview with: [caption id="attachment_65601" align="alignleft" width="200"]Benjamin Readhead PhDResearch Associate Professor Banner Neurodegenerative Disease Research Center Biodesign Institute Arizona State University Dr. Readhead[/caption] Benjamin Readhead PhD Research Associate Professor Banner Neurodegenerative Disease Research Center Biodesign Institute Arizona State University MedicalResearch.com: What is the background for this study? Response: Our study describes a surprising link between an intestinal infection with a common virus, human cytomegalovirus (HCMV), and the development of Alzheimer’s in a subset of people with the disease. In a study published earlier this year in the journal Nature Communications, we found that research participants with Alzheimer’s disease were more likely than those without it to harbor a particular immune cell type (“CD83(+) microglia”) in their brains. While trying to uncover what might be driving the presence of these CD83(+) microglia, we discovered an antibody (IgG4) in the intestine of these same subjects that were suggestive of the possibility that some kind of infection might contribute to this form of the disease.

17 Dec

Posted at 16:25h in Author Interviews, Clots - Coagulation, Environmental Risks
MedicalResearch.com Interview with: [caption id="attachment_65560" align="alignleft" width="200"]Pamela L Lutsey PhD, MPHProfessor, Division of Epidemiology & Community Health University of Minnesota Minneapolis, Minnesota Dr. Lutsey[/caption] Pamela L Lutsey PhD, MPH Professor, Division of Epidemiology & Community Health University of Minnesota Minneapolis, Minnesota MedicalResearch.com: What is the background for this study? Response: Air pollution is ubiquitous. In order to understand the impact of exposure on health, it is necessary to look across diverse health conditions. Associations with lung disease and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease are more established. Less is known about the role of air pollution exposure on coagulation and venous thromboembolism (VTE). MedicalResearch.com: Are individuals less ambulatory in heavily polluted areas? The study did not address this question directly. The association did persist across a wide range of subgroups of the sample, including those who were not smokers and who had no evidence of lung disease.

16 Dec

Posted at 20:31h in Hydration
Editor's note:  Don't overdo it with hydration.  Over consumption of water has it's own risks and side effects.   Similarly, IV hydration has potential risks. Please consult your personal health care provider regarding your water intake and any possible IV hydration therapy. Water is the essence of life, making up about 60% of the human body and a staggering 75% of the brain. Adequate hydration is essential not only for physical health but also for maintaining optimal cognitive function. The relationship between hydration and brain performance has garnered significant attention in recent years. Numerous studies have highlighted how even mild dehydration can impair mental capabilities, affecting everything from memory to mood. This article delves into the intricate connection between hydration and cognitive function, exploring the science behind it, the effects of dehydration, and strategies to maintain optimal hydration for peak mental performance. [caption id="attachment_65533" align="aligncenter" width="334"]hydration-ivhydration Photo by Anna Shakhrai:[/caption] The Science of Hydration and the Brain Water's Role in Brain Function Water is integral to various physiological processes in the brain:
  • Neuronal Communication: Water facilitates the transmission of electrical signals between brain cells, or neurons. Proper hydration ensures that these signals are sent efficiently, supporting processes like thinking, learning, and memory.
  • Neurotransmitter Production: Adequate hydration aids in the synthesis of neurotransmitters, chemicals that transmit signals across synapses. This affects mood regulation, focus, and overall brain function.
  • Removal of Toxins: Water helps flush out toxins and metabolic waste products from brain cells, maintaining a clean environment for optimal function.

16 Dec

Posted at 19:09h in Author Interviews, Cancer Research, Exercise - Fitness, Hematology
MedicalResearch.com Interview with: [caption id="attachment_65529" align="alignleft" width="200"]Janine Joseph, MS, MBASenior Research Specialist Cancer Prevention & Control Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center Buffalo, NY Janine Joseph, MS[/caption] Janine Joseph, MS, MBA Senior Research Specialist Cancer Prevention & Control Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center Buffalo, NY MedicalResearch.com: What is the background for this study? Response: Due to improvements in treatments, patients with multiple myeloma (MM) are experiencing longer lifespans and seeking ways to enhance their quality-of-life.  Fatigue, pain and negative psychological states such as anxiety and depression are common in cancer patients, including patients with MM.  Pain is particularly relevant, as MM can cause painful osteolytic (bone) lesions. The trials we discussed at ASH were aimed at evaluating the effect of exercise, specifically supervised resistance training and unsupervised walking exercise, on these and other states, including physical function and immune profile.

16 Dec

Posted at 15:04h in Education
A basic ingredient in healthcare is like medication or treatment: communication plays the same role. Indeed, patient education about their ailments, treatments, or precautions empowers them to make effective choices for further trust between patients and those administering the care. Presenting complex medical information, though, to people little involved with medicine can be complex enough. The art and science, empathy, clarity, and storytelling power all come to the fore. [caption id="attachment_65519" align="aligncenter" width="500"]patient-education-medical Photo by MART PRODUCTION[/caption] Healthcare storytelling, particularly when complemented by modern tools like educational video makers, has revolutionized how patients receive and retain information. Let’s explore how to simplify complex medical information for patients and leverage storytelling for effective educational content.

11 Dec

Posted at 20:40h in Alzheimer's - Dementia, Author Interviews, Biomarkers
MedicalResearch.com Interview with: [caption id="attachment_65442" align="alignleft" width="180"]Alberto J. Espay, MD, MSc, FAANProfessor of Neurology Director and Endowed Chair Gardner Family Center for Parkinson's disease and Movement Disorders University of Cincinnati Academic Health Center Prof. Espay[/caption] Alberto J. Espay, MD, MSc, FAAN Professor of Neurology Director and Endowed Chair Gardner Family Center for Parkinson's disease and Movement Disorders University of Cincinnati Academic Health Center MedicalResearch.com: What is the background for this study? What are the main findings Response:  Because aducanumab, lecanemab, and donanemab were only in a minority of anti-amyloid treatments showing a benefit, I was interested in finding out what makes them special. It turns out that they not only clean the brain from amyloid, like other monoclonal anti-Aβ antibodies, but they also increase Aβ42 in the spinal fluid, which is a measure of the normal protein in the brain. Everyone with Alzheimer’s has low Aβ42 levels because this protein clumps into amyloid plaques. I tested the hypothesis that increasing Aβ42 could explain the cognitive outcomes at least as well as decreasing amyloid, and that’s exactly what we found. This suggests that restoring the normal protein levels, Aβ42, may explain why some anti-amyloid treatments (presumably those that increased those levels the most) come with benefits.

11 Dec

Posted at 20:34h in Electronic Records
MedicalResearch.com Interview with: [caption id="attachment_65455" align="alignleft" width="200"]prof-adam_rose_credit_hebrew_university Prof. Adam Rose
Credt: Hebrew University[/caption] Prof. Adam J. Rose Shuli Brammli-Greenberg and Adam J. Rose share senior authorship. Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem Beit-Horon, Jerusalem, 9093500, Israel MedicalResearch.com: What is the background for this study? Would you briefly explain what is meant by the Elixhauser Comorbidity Model? Response: Patients admitted to the hospital can have very different levels of illness severity. In addition, different hospitals may admit different numbers of very sick patients. Therefore, comparing two hospitals regarding something like length of stay or in-hospital mortality is not valid unless one adjusts for the illness burden of the population of patients at each hospital. Risk adjustment is the name for the process of building a model to predict the risk of each patient for a particular outcome, such as mortality or readmission, based on what is known about them and their illness burden. By summing all the risks of patients at a hospital, one gets an aggregate sense of the illness burden at the hospital, and different hospitals can be compared. The Elixhauser Comorbidity Model is a widely-used risk adjustment model which performs well in the sense that it is very predictive of outcomes like mortality. It also has the advantage of being calculated from diagnosis codes, which are widely available data for hospitalized patients.