Author Interviews, Colon Cancer, Gastrointestinal Disease, Immunotherapy / 04.06.2024
Icahn Mt Sinai Study Finds Immunosuppressives Not Likely To Increase Cancer Risk in Inflammatory Bowel Disease Patients
MedicalResearch.com Interview with:
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Dr. Itzkowitz[/caption]
Steven H. Itzkowitz, MD, FACP, FACG, AGAF
Professor of Medicine and Oncological Sciences
Director of the GI Fellowship Program
Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai
MedicalResearch.com: What is the background for this study? What are the main findings?
Response: This study looked at patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) who had a history of cancer in the past 5 years and asked whether the medications they received for their IBD might have affected their rates of getting future cancer (new or recurrent cancers). Because many of the medicines that are used to treat IBD can affect the immune system in various ways, there has been concern that the medicines might predispose to subsequent cancers.
We found that patients who received immunosuppressive medications had a numerically increased risk of subsequent cancer, this was not statistically higher than those who had not been exposed to these medications. While previous studies have looked at this question retrospectively, this is the first report that analyzed this issue prospectively using individuals from the United States. Moreover, this study represents a multi-institutional collaboration among gastroenterologists at most of the major NYC healthcare systems.
Dr. Itzkowitz[/caption]
Steven H. Itzkowitz, MD, FACP, FACG, AGAF
Professor of Medicine and Oncological Sciences
Director of the GI Fellowship Program
Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai
MedicalResearch.com: What is the background for this study? What are the main findings?
Response: This study looked at patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) who had a history of cancer in the past 5 years and asked whether the medications they received for their IBD might have affected their rates of getting future cancer (new or recurrent cancers). Because many of the medicines that are used to treat IBD can affect the immune system in various ways, there has been concern that the medicines might predispose to subsequent cancers.
We found that patients who received immunosuppressive medications had a numerically increased risk of subsequent cancer, this was not statistically higher than those who had not been exposed to these medications. While previous studies have looked at this question retrospectively, this is the first report that analyzed this issue prospectively using individuals from the United States. Moreover, this study represents a multi-institutional collaboration among gastroenterologists at most of the major NYC healthcare systems.
Dr. Shah[/caption]
Silvi Shah, MD,MS,FASN,FACP
Associate Professor
Internal Medicine | College of Medicine
University of Cincinnati College of Medicine
MedicalResearch.com: What is the background for this study?
Response: AKI (Acute Kidney Injury) is a major contributor to end-stage kidney disease (ESKD).
About a third of patients with ESKD recover kidney function due to AKI. The study looked at the health outcomes of 22,922 patients from the U.S. Renal Data System from 2005 to 2014 to construct a clinical scoring system to predict kidney recovery within 90 days and 12 months after the start of dialysis for kidney failure patients due to acute kidney injury (AKI)
Dr. Kosinski[/caption]
Dr. Larry Kosinski, MD
Gastroenterologist and 
Dr. Alexis[/caption]
Andrew F. Alexis, MD, MPH
Vice-Chair for Diversity and Inclusion
Department of Dermatology
Dermatologist
Center for Diverse Skin Complexions
Weill Cornell Medicine – NY
MedicalResearch.com: What are the main types of skin cancer? Is the incidence changing?
Response: The 3 main types of skin cancer are melanoma, squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and basal cell carcinoma (BCC). Skin cancer is the most common cancer in the United States1 and 1 in 5 Americans will develop skin cancer in their lifetime. (2)
The overall incidence has changed as follows:
• Melanoma: Rates doubled over past 30 years from 1982 to 2011.3 It differs by age group.
o Adolescents and adults age 30 and younger: incidence rate is declining
o Older age groups (e.g. 80 and older): incidence rate is increasing
• Squamous Cell Cancer:
o Incidence increased 263% between 1976-1984 and 2000-20104
• Basal Cell Cancer:
o Incidence increased 145% between 1976-1984 and 2000-20104
Dr. Parekh[/caption]
Ankit Parekh, PhD
Director of the Sleep And Circadian Analysis (SCAN) Group
Assistant Professor of Medicine
(Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine)
Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai
MedicalResearch.com: What is the background for this study? What are the main findings?
Response: Sleep apnea is associated with incident cardiovascular disease, and is a common chronic condition affecting over a billion people worldwide. In diagnosing and treating sleep apnea, it is imperative to establish the type of sleep apnea—whether it is obstructive or central sleep apnea. The differential contribution of central vs. obstructive sleep apnea toward incidental cardiovascular disease in those with significant sleep apnea has not been well studied.
Our group has developed an automated algorithm that deduces on a breath-by-breath level whether reductions in airflow are predominantly due to obstructive or central phenomena. Our algorithm uses several features that are known to be key in distinguishing the type of events and derives a probability of obstruction across each “small” (reduced amplitude) breath. The breath-by-breath probability is then used to determine whether a patient’s burden of sleep apnea is predominantly obstructive or central.
In this work, we analyzed sleep study data from The Osteoporotic Fractures in Men (MrOS) cohort (N=2793) consisting of elderly men, across two visits separated on average by 6.5 years, and derived the probability of obstruction on a breath-by-breath level. The median probability of obstruction for each subject was computed and analyzed against outcomes of cardiovascular disease. We also assessed the stability of the metric in those without any prevalent cardiovascular disease. We find that median probability of obstruction was stable across the two visits, and those with any incident cardiovascular disease had a lower median probability of obstruction: patients with incident cardiovascular outcomes had a significant burden of sleep apnea that was predominantly “central” in nature.
Dr. Haigh[/caption]
Cathryn Haigh, Ph.D.
In recent years, our communities have faced unprecedented challenges to public health and hygiene, especially after the most recent global pandemic. Beyond the immediate crises, longstanding issues like poor dietary choices and the rising stress levels in people worldwide have further highlighted the critical need for robust health and hygiene practices.
These concerns, while global in scale, demand local solutions—initiatives that begin in our own neighborhoods. Promoting health and hygiene at a community level not only addresses these urgent issues but also sets the foundation for broader national change. This article offers ten tips for anyone eager to lead such transformative efforts within their community, underscoring that even the smallest steps can pave the way to significant health improvements for all.
Dr. Guasch-Ferré[/caption]
Marta Guasch-Ferré, PhD
Associate Professor and Deputy Head of Section, Section of Epidemiology
University of Copenhagen
Group Leader, Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research
Adjunct Associate Professor, Department of Nutrition
Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health
MedicalResearch.com: What is the background for this study?
Response: Olive oil is rich in monounsaturated fats and contains compounds with antioxidant activity that may play a protective role for the brain. Olive oil as part of a Mediterranean diet appears to have a beneficial effect against cognitive decline. Higher olive oil intake was previously associated with a lower risk of cardiovascular disease and mortality. But its association with dementia mortality was unknown.
Prof. Mainelis[/caption]
Gediminas "Gedi" Mainelis, Ph.D.
Professor, Department of Environmental Sciences
School of Environmental and Biological Sciences
Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey
MedicalResearch.com: What is the background for this study? What types of particles, ie where do they come from?
Response: This work is a continuation of my research on nanoparticles in consumer products. We have investigated and published on the release of particles from nano-enabled consumer products, such as cosmetic powders, various sprays and clothing.
In this project, we were interested in potential resuspension of particles once nano-enabled consumer sprays are used. The particles are added into consumer products to provide them certain desired properties, like antimicrobial protection, odor reduction or protection against UV (sunscreen). Once the products are used, the particles are released and we could be exposed to them.
Dr. Li Gan[/caption]
Dr. Li Gan PhD
Burton P. and Judith B. Resnick Distinguished Professor in Neurodegenerative Diseases
Brain and Mind Research Institute
Weill Cornell Medical College
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