@medresearchnews Tag

MedicalResearch.com Interview with: [caption id="attachment_70616" align="alignleft" width="130"]Dr. Rima Patel Dr. Patel[/caption] Rima Patel, MD Assistant Professor The Tisch Cancer Institute, Division of Hematology/Oncology Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai MedicalResearch.com: What is the background for this study? What are the main findings? Response: Targeted treatment options for metastatic triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) are limited. TNBCs are associated with a high frequency of PTEN loss, which can lead to activation of the mTOR pathway and tumor proliferation but may be reversible with the mTOR inhibitor everolimus. A prior phase II single arm trial of carboplatin and everolimus in patients with advanced TNBC demonstrated good tolerability and preliminary efficacy. The current study is a randomized phase II trial comparing carboplatin and everolimus with carboplatin alone in patients with metastatic TNBC. We found that the combination of carboplatin and everolimus reduced the risk of progression or death by 52%. The regimen was well tolerated and provides a promising treatment option for patients with advanced TNBC.

MedicalResearch.com Interview with: [caption id="attachment_70576" align="alignleft" width="200"]Thao-Ly Phan, MD, MPH Medical Director, Nemours Children's Health Professor of Pediatrics Thomas Jefferson University Dr. Thao Ly Phan[/caption] Thao-Ly Phan, MD, MPH Medical Director, Nemours Children's Health Professor of Pediatrics Thomas Jefferson University MedicalResearch.com: What is the background for this study? Response: The impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic have been extensively studied in adults, but there has been limited exploration of its effects on children and adolescents. While several studies have described weight gain trends in children during the pandemic, less is known about how having a diagnosis of COVID-19 contributed to these trends. Our study drew on the NIH’s National Clinical Cohort Collaborative database, a real-world database of electronic health data from over 90 institutions across the country.  We used this dataset’s unique features to compare a diverse group of more than 11,000 children diagnosed with COVID-19 to a matched cohort of children without a diagnosis of COVID-19.

MedicalResearch.com Interview with: [caption id="attachment_70522" align="alignleft" width="150"]Ibrahim Gwarzo, DrPH, MPH, MBBSResearch Scientist at Nemours Children’s Health
Delaware Valley, Delaware USA Dr. Gwarzo[/caption] Ibrahim Gwarzo, DrPH, MPH, MBBS Research Scientist at Nemours Children’s Health Delaware Valley, Delaware USA MedicalResearch.com: What is the background for this study? Would you briefly explain the condition of sickle cell disease and why young people frequently present to the ER with severe pain? Response: Sickle cell disease is an inherited blood disorder that affects red blood cells. It is passed down as an autosomal recessive disorder, meaning a person must inherit the defective gene from both parents to have the disease. The condition primarily impacts hemoglobin, the protein responsible for carrying oxygen in red blood cells, which leads to changes in the shape and stability of these cells. The complications associated with the disease, including recurrent and severe pain episodes, are a direct result of these changes. These pain episodes are debilitating and unpredictable, resulting in frequent emergency department visits where they are typically treated with pain medications, including opioids. It is estimated that around 100,000 people in the United States have sickle cell disease, with about 40,000 being children. The disease has a significant prevalence in the Afro-Latino population.

[caption id="attachment_70512" align="aligncenter" width="500"]Medication-Assisted Treatment in Rural Emergency Departments Photo by Erik Mclean[/caption]

Why Medication-Assisted Treatment Matters

Opioid use disorder continues to harm communities across the United States. In 2023, more than 80,000 people died from opioid overdoses according to CDC data. Rural towns have been hit especially hard. Emergency departments in these areas are often the only place where patients can get immediate help. Medication-Assisted Treatment (MAT) is one of the most effective tools for treating opioid addiction. It combines medicines like buprenorphine or methadone with counseling. Studies show MAT reduces opioid use, lowers overdose risk, and improves long-term recovery rates. Patients who receive MAT are twice as likely to stay in treatment compared to those who do not. Emergency rooms see many patients in crisis. They are a critical access point for starting MAT. Yet, many rural hospitals still face major barriers when trying to use it.

[caption id="attachment_70470" align="alignleft" width="150"]Duncan Dobbins, PharmD, MHIGeisinger College of Health Sciences Scranton, Pennsylvania Dr. Dobbins, PharmD[/caption] MedicalResearch.com Interview with: Duncan Dobbins, PharmD, MHI Geisinger College of Health Sciences Scranton, Pennsylvania MedicalResearch.com: What prompted this commentary, and what did you find? Response: In theory, there could be a drug interaction between immunotherapy and medical cannabis. A small (N=102) observational report from Israel appeared to find that immunotherapies worked much less well in cancer patients who also used medical cannabis.1 However, a follow up report2 took about two weeks and involved manually rechecking the math and data-analysis. Several discrepancies emerged between the methods and results. Two-tailed tests were listed in the methods yet one-tailed p values appeared in the results. Arithmetic errors, some traceable to unconventional “floor” rounding, affected key percentages. Multiple p values in Table 1 (21 out of 22) could not be reproduced with the stated tests. Finally, smoking status, a key confound, was not reported. Taken together, these issues complicate interpretation and highlight how small computational slips can cascade into larger inferential uncertainty. For this follow-up report, I was asked, “Do you think AI could have double checked this math?”

emotional-intelligence This guide explains how emotional intelligence (EQ) can boost your leadership. It helps you connect with your team. It also motivates them to do their best. Let’s explore how! Do you know why some leaders earn loyalty while others find it hard to connect with their teams? Or why do some managers handle conflicts smoothly while others make things tense? The answer is emotional intelligence, also known as emotional quotient. It means understanding your own emotions and the emotions of others, and using that understanding to make better choices. It is a game-changer for leadership, team trust, and organisational success. This article uncovers eight surprising truths about emotional intelligence in leadership and highlights the trends shaping leadership in 2025 and beyond.

MedicalResearch.com Interview with: [caption id="attachment_70301" align="alignleft" width="92"]Takeshi Tsuda, MDSenior Pediatric Cardiologist Nemours Cardiac Center Nemours Children’s Health Delaware Dr. Tsuda[/caption] Takeshi Tsuda, MD Senior Pediatric Cardiologist Nemours Cardiac Center Nemours Children’s Health Delaware MedicalResearch.com: What is the background for this study?  Would you briefly explain the condition of Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy? Response: Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a genetic muscle disorder causing progressive muscle weakness and wasting, resulting in severe disability during childhood due to absence of dystrophin protein in the muscle cells. Cardiac disease (cardiomyopathy) also develops during early adolescence, potentially leading to heart failure. Because of its insidious progression, the onset of DMD cardiomyopathy is not clearly identified. Early treatment is essential for better outcomes, but the recognition of the preclinical stages of disease is challenging. MedicalResearch.com: Is Unrelieved Wall Stress a commonly recognized echocardiogram finding? Response: Duchenne muscular dystrophy cardiomyopathy is a unique myocardial abnormality caused by the absence of dystrophin, which serves not only as a cytoskeletal protein to maintain cellular integrity but also as a mechano-sensor to adjust wall stress to normalize myocardial oxygen demand. Dystrophin deficiency results in lack of these functions, resulting in rapid myocyte death without compensatory response to normalize wall stress. By our methods, we are able to identify the unrelieved wall stress (increase in iWS) as an early sign of DMD cardiomyopathy before visible ventricular dysfunction prevails, not by the known routine approach.

MedicalResearch.com Interview with: [caption id="attachment_70205" align="alignleft" width="125"]Shannon D. DonofryBehavioral Scientist B.A.Sc. in psychology/neuroscience University of Pittsburgh-Pittsburgh Campus; Ph.D, University of Pittsburgh-Pittsburgh Campus Dr. Donofry[/caption] Shannon D. Donofry Ph.D. Behavioral Scientist B.A.Sc. in psychology/neuroscience University of Pittsburgh-Pittsburgh Campus; Ph.D, University of Pittsburgh-Pittsburgh Campus   [caption id="attachment_70207" align="alignleft" width="125"]Katherine M. Rancaño, Ph.DAssociate Policy Researcher RAND Dr. Rancaño[/caption] Katherine M. Rancaño, Ph.D Associate Policy Researcher RAND   MedicalResearch.com: What is the background for this study? Response: GLP-1 medications were first used to help people with diabetes manage their blood sugar. Lately, they’ve become popular for helping people lose weight, too. Because of this, a lot more people have started using them. In our study, we asked over 8,000 adults from across the country about their use of GLP-1 medications and any side effects they had.

MedicalResearch.com Interview with: [caption id="attachment_70179" align="alignleft" width="220"]Emily G. McDonald MD MSc (Epi) FRCPCScientist | Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre Associate Professor of Medicine | General Internal Medicine | McGill University Health Centre Associate Chair of Quality and Safety | Department of Medicine | McGill University Director | Canadian Medication Appropriateness and Deprescribing Network Centre for Outcomes Research and Evaluation (CORE) Montreal, QC Dr. McDonald[/caption] Emily G. McDonald MD MSc (Epi) FRCPC Scientist | Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre Associate Professor of Medicine | General Internal Medicine | McGill University Health Centre Associate Chair of Quality and Safety | Department of Medicine | McGill University Director | Canadian Medication Appropriateness and Deprescribing Network Centre for Outcomes Research and Evaluation (CORE) Montreal, QC https://www.medsafer.org/ https://www.deprescribingnetwork.ca/   MedicalResearch.com: What is the background for this study? What are the main findings? Response: Polypharmacy (taking multiple medications) is common among older adults and can lead to serious side effects like memory problems, falls, fractures, and hospitalization. Deprescribing (the process of stopping some medications that may no longer be beneficial or where the harms outweigh the benefits) is a great solution. This study found that an electronic tool to support prescribers increased deprescribing more than 3 times compared to usual care without the software support.

MedicalResearch.com Interview with: [caption id="attachment_70015" align="alignleft" width="152"]Prof. Yonatan M. Kupchik PhD andLiran Levi, PhD student Faculty of Medicine at Hebrew University Prof. Kupchik[/caption] Prof. Yonatan M. Kupchik PhD and [caption id="attachment_70017" align="alignleft" width="138"]Liran Levi L. Levi[/caption] Liran Levi, PhD student Faculty of Medicine at Hebrew University MedicalResearch.com: What is the background for this study? Response: Motivated behavior is driven by a group of brain regions called collectively the reward system. This neural system is at the heart of every decision we make about our actions - it integrates information about the world and decides whether to perform a behavior or not based on the predicted reward/benefit. The key molecule in this process is dopamine - whenever we perform a behavior that provides a reward dopamine is released in the reward system and reinforces this behavior. Drugs of abuse exploit this system - they cause abnormally high levels of dopamine, and thus force the reward system to seek drugs constantly, even after prolonged withdrawal. From a neurobiological perspective, that is how we view substance dependence - the reward system drives people to seek for the reward.

MedicalResearch.com Interview with: [caption id="attachment_69623" align="alignleft" width="180"]Ding Ding (Melody), Ph.D., MPHProfessor of Public Health/NHMRC Emerging Leader Fellow Prevention Research Collaboration Sydney School of Public Health Faculty of Medicine and Health The University of Sydney Prof. Ding[/caption] Ding Ding (Melody), Ph.D., MPH Professor of Public Health/NHMRC Emerging Leader Fellow Prevention Research Collaboration Sydney School of Public Health Faculty of Medicine and Health The University of Sydney MedicalResearch.com: What is the background for this study? Response: While we already know physical activity benefits health, public guidelines focus on total minutes of moderate-to-vigorous activity per week, usually 150 to 300 minutes. However, many people track their activity by steps, a simple and accessible metric, but the popular 10,000-steps-a-day goal isn’t actually based on solid evidence. Our review sought to clarify how many steps per day are linked to meaningful health benefits.

MedicalResearch.com Interview with: [caption id="attachment_69504" align="alignleft" width="200"]Gabriele Campanella, PhDAssistant Professor
Windreich Department of Artificial Intelligence and Human Health
Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai Dr. Campanella[/caption] Gabriele Campanella, PhD Assistant Professor Windreich Department of Artificial Intelligence and Human Health Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai MedicalResearch.com: What is the background for this study? Response: Lung cancer is the most lethal cancer in the US. Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is the most common form of lung cancer with an incidence of over 100k per year in the US. EGFR mutations are common driver mutations in LUAD, and importantly, these mutations can be targeted by TKI therapy, which has high response rates. Because of this, EGFR testing via NGS (Next Generation Sequencing) is considered mandatory by guidelines for any LUAD diagnosis. In high-resource settings, rapid EGFR testing is done while waiting for confirmation via NGS. This is because NGS takes about 2 weeks on average, while the rapid testing has a median TAT of 2 days. Early treatment decisions could be made based on the rapid test results. Rapid tests have some important drawbacks, most notably, it exhausts tissue. In lung cancer, tissue is scarce in the first place, and up to 25% of cases, after rapid testing there is not enough tissue for NGS. In those circumstances, patients have to be biopsied again, which adds unnecessary risk for the patient. Even worse, in some cases, the NGS is never done. A non-tissue-exhaustive computational biomarker could be used instead of the tissue-based rapid test.

[caption id="attachment_69481" align="aligncenter" width="500"]computer-literature-view-ai Pexels image[/caption] Medical research is at the heart of clinical advancement. Whether evaluating the safety of new treatments or analyzing trends across patient populations, the integrity and efficiency of research practices have direct implications on healthcare delivery. Among the most labor-intensive tasks in medical research are literature reviews and meta-analyses—two foundational methodologies that aggregate findings from multiple studies to draw broader, evidence-based conclusions. With the volume of published medical literature increasing exponentially each year, traditional methods of reviewing research have become less sustainable. Today, artificial intelligence (AI) is beginning to play a transformative role in this process, offering ways to streamline literature searches, extract relevant data, reduce bias, and increase reproducibility. AI isn't replacing researchers—it’s empowering them with tools that can manage scale, speed, and complexity in ways manual methods cannot match.

[caption id="attachment_69467" align="aligncenter" width="500"]importance-data-management-clinical-trials Photo by Christina Morillo[/caption] Every clinical trial produces mountains of data. From patient enrollment logs and lab results to adverse event reports and protocol deviations, clinical data is the backbone of every decision made during drug or device development. Yet, collecting data is only the beginning — it’s how that data is managed, validated, and interpreted that determines a study’s success. In the age of decentralized trials, real-time analytics, and global regulatory oversight, the importance of reliable clinical data management can’t be overstated. High-quality data doesn’t just support regulatory submissions — it protects patient safety, ensures compliance, and strengthens confidence in results.

Why Is Clinical Data Management No Longer Just a Technical Task?

Gone are the days when data management was treated as an afterthought or a purely technical role. Today, it’s central to trial strategy. From the very beginning of a study, data management professionals are involved in shaping case report forms (CRFs), planning how endpoints will be measured, and ensuring systems are in place to capture data accurately and securely. This shift in thinking is due to the increasing complexity of trial protocols, the rise in remote data capture tools, and the growing pressure from regulators for traceable, auditable datasets. Sponsors and CROs alike are realizing that data management is no longer an isolated function — it’s the foundation of trial integrity.

What Does a Modern Clinical Trial Data Management Service Include?

A robust clinical trial data management service goes far beyond database design. It encompasses an ecosystem of systems, people, and processes designed to ensure that every data point collected is clean, consistent, and ready for analysis. Typical services include:
  • CRF design tailored to protocol endpoints
  • Electronic Data Capture (EDC) system configuration
  • Real-time data monitoring and discrepancy resolution
  • Medical coding using standard dictionaries (e.g., MedDRA, WHO Drug)
  • Query management and investigator communication
  • Data cleaning, validation, and database lock support
The goal is simple: to transform complex, multi-source data into a reliable and statistically sound dataset that regulators can trust — and that sponsors can use to make decisions.

MedicalResearch.com Interview with: [caption id="attachment_69366" align="alignleft" width="240"]Hideyuki Saya, MD, PhDDirector, Oncology Innovation Center Fujita Health University Toyoake, JAPAN Dr. Hideyuki Saya, MD, PhD[/caption] Hideyuki Saya, MD, PhD Director, Oncology Innovation Center Fujita Health University Toyoake, Japan MedicalResearch.com: What is the background for this study? Response: Benzaldehyde, a simple aromatic compound found in the natural aroma of almonds and apricots, has long been reported to have anticancer activity, with clinical trials even conducted in Japan in the 1980s. However, the molecular mechanism underlying its anticancer effect has remained unclear for decades. Our study was initiated by Dr. Jun Saito, whose father was one of the original researchers studying benzaldehyde. Driven by a personal motivation to clarify the scientific basis of this compound’s effect, Dr. Saito spent over a decade in our lab to finally uncover its mechanism of action.

MedicalResearch.com Interview with: [caption id="attachment_69251" align="alignleft" width="156"]Tomas Kirchhoff, PhD (corresponding author)Associate ProfessorLaura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center New York University School of Medicine Dr. Kirchhoff[/caption] Tomas Kirchhoff, PhD (corresponding author) Associate ProfessorLaura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center New York University School of Medicine Robert Ferguson PhD Senior Scientist at NYU Langone Medical Center Kelsey Monson, PhD Immuno-Oncology Postdoctoral Researcher Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai MedicalResearch.com: What is the background for this study? Would you briefly explain how mitochondrial DNA differs from chromosomal DNA? TK: Immune checkpoint blockade has changed the way we treat several cancers, including advanced melanoma. Before these therapies, the treatment options were very limited, but now more than half of patients experience significant tumor shrinkage or disease control. KRM: Despite these advances, many patients still do not respond to treatment. One of the main challenges in cancer medicine today is to find ways to predict which patients will benefit from these therapies before treatment begins. This approach is key to personalizing care and improving outcomes. RF: Mitochondria are small structures inside our cells that produce the energy needed for cells to function. Unlike most of our DNA, mitochondrial DNA is inherited only from the mother. Scientists can categorize this mitochondrial DNA into groups called haplogroups, based on unique variations in the genetic code. These haplogroups can provide insight into how cells produce energy and may affect a person’s health or response to cancer treatment.

[caption id="attachment_68652" align="aligncenter" width="500"]laboratories-lab-safety-osha Photo by Artem Podrez[/caption] In clinical and research settings, precision and control are everything. Whether conducting patient care, handling biological specimens or operating within a sterile lab environment, every person involved must operate with safety in mind. While much attention is often given to technical procedures and scientific outcomes, the foundation that makes these environments functional is a shared understanding of workplace safety. This is where an OSHA compliance certification becomes essential. Medical and research facilities are not immune to hazards. Everyday, professionals work with chemical agents, compressed gases, sharps lab equipment and occasionally volatile substances. These environments demand more than professional skill; they require a framework that reinforces how to prevent incidents before they occur. OSHA, the Occupational Safety and Health Administration, provides exactly that framework through its compliance standards and training programs.

MedicalResearch.com Interview with: Jingzhen Ginger Yang, PhD, MPH Principal Investigator at the Center for Injury Research and Policy Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children’s Hospital Professor of Pediatrics at The Ohio State University College of Medicine with a courtesy appointment in the Department of Epidemiolog in The Ohio State University College of Public HealthJingzhen Ginger Yang, PhD, MPH Principal Investigator at the Center for Injury Research and Policy Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children’s Hospital Professor of Pediatrics at The Ohio State University College of Medicine with a courtesy appointment in the Department of Epidemiolog in The Ohio State University College of Public Health MedicalResearch.com: What is the background for this study? Response: Motor vehicle crashes are the leading cause of death for U.S. teens. Newer vehicles and driver assistance technologies show promise in reducing crashes and injury severities. Our study found that driving vehicles 6-15 years old had a 19% greater risk of driver death in fatal crashes, and driving vehicles older than 15 years had a 31% greater risk, both compared to driving vehicles 5 years old or newer, regardless of driver age. Additionally, each driver assistance technology already present in vehicles was associated with a 6% reduction in the risk of driver death in fatal crashes.

MedicalResearch.com Interview with: [caption id="attachment_68399" align="alignleft" width="150"]Ashley Robinson, MD, lead authorSecond-year internal medicine resident
Advocate Lutheran General Hospital Dr. Robinson[/caption] Ashley Robinson, MD, lead author Second-year internal medicine resident Advocate Lutheran General Hospital MedicalResearch.com: What is the background for this study? Response: Briefly, anal cancer makes up around 1% of gastrointestinal cancers and more than 90% of all anal cancers are caused by chronic human papillomavirus or HPV infections. In previous research, it has been noted that women over the age of 65 have rates that were increasing more than other groups and myself along with my colleagues and the principal investigator of this project, Dr. Eli Ehrenpreis, wanted to further characterize these findings, looking into more specific details of these previously noted trends. Using data from a public database ran by the National Cancer Institute called the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results program, also known as SEER, and their statistical analysis software, SEER*Stat, we analyzed anal cancer incidence trends, looking at differences between sex, age, and ethnicity in order to further identify specific groups that have more rapidly increasing rates than others.

[caption id="attachment_68344" align="alignleft" width="200"]MedicalResearch.com Interview with:Dr. Katilyn Gernhard Dr. Gernhard[/caption] MedicalResearch.com Interview with: Dr. Katilyn Gernhard DO Internal Medicine Resident Allegheny Health Network Pittsburgh MedicalResearch.com: What is the background for this study? Response: The background for this study is the steadily rising prevalence of obesity in the United States, which has been accompanied by an increase in related comorbid conditions, including Metabolic Dysfunction–Associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD). Bariatric surgery and GLP-1 receptor agonists are two commonly used treatment options to address obesity and its associated complications. While both have demonstrated benefits in weight loss and metabolic improvement, there has been limited direct comparison of their effectiveness specifically in patients with MASLD. Our study aimed to address this gap by comparing clinical outcomes in patients with MASLD treated with GLP-1 receptor agonists versus those treated with bariatric surgery.

MedicalResearch.com Interview with: [caption id="attachment_68373" align="alignleft" width="160"]Dr. Simon Steenson PhDPostdoctoral Research Associate
Department of Nutritional Sciences
King’s College London Dr. Steenson[/caption] Dr. Simon Steenson PhD Postdoctoral Research Associate Department of Nutritional Sciences King’s College London MedicalResearch.com: What is the background for this study? Response: Chronic constipation is something that can be embarrassing, but it affects 1 in 10 people globally. It has a big impact on people’s quality of life and treating constipation has substantial costs for the healthcare system. Dried fruits are recommended for managing constipation, but there are very few studies that have actually tested whether following this advice is helpful. To fill this gap in our knowledge, we completed the largest clinical trial to date to see whether dried fruits and fruit juices could benefit constipation symptoms. 

MedicalResearch.com Interview with: [caption id="attachment_68341" align="alignleft" width="125"]Douglas Corley, MD, PhD  Chief Research Officer, The Permanente Medical Group Kaiser Permanente, Northern California Dr. Corley[/caption] Douglas Corley, MD, PhD Chief Research Officer, The Permanente Medical Group Kaiser Permanente, Northern California MedicalResearch.com: What is the background for this study? Response: Kaiser Permanente Northern California (KPNC) is an integrated health care system that designs and implements population-based programs that support cancer prevention and early detection. In 2006, KPNC began to implement a comprehensive colorectal cancer screening program with the goal of increasing member screening rates, preventing colorectal cancer through polyp removal, and reducing cancer mortality. The initiative identifies whether screening-eligible KPNC members are up to date with their colorectal cancer screening test by either a colonoscopy or by stool-based tests, such as a fecal immunochemical testing (FIT) kit. If they are not up to date with screening, it mails them a FIT kit for at-home testing. Members can also choose other options for colorectal cancer screening, such as a colonoscopy, through their physician.

[caption id="attachment_68201" align="alignleft" width="150"]dr_aditya_shreenivas Dr. Shreenivas[/caption] MedicalResearch.com Interview with: Aditya Shreenivas M.D.,  M.S. Assistant Professor Department of Medical Oncology & Therapeutics Research City of Hope MedicalResearch.com: What is the background for this study? Response: Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a highly aggressive tumor of the head and neck region with a distinct geographical distribution, with incidence rates as high as 30 per 100,000 in endemic regions like Asia and North Africa but less than 1 per 100,000 worldwide. Despite comprehensive curative intent therapy, up to 30% of patients with advanced NPC experience treatment failure, primarily due to recurrence and/or metastasis. This high mortality rate highlighted the urgent need for effective treatments. Clinical trials (JUPITER-02, CAPTAIN-1st, and RATIONALE-309) showed improved progression-free survival by adding anti-PD-1 antibodies to chemotherapy for first-line treatment of recurrent or metastatic NPC. However, these studies were conducted exclusively in Asian populations. Penpulimab is a humanized anti-PD-1 antibody that's unique because it is a  IgG1 subtype with a modified Fc segment. This structure potentially improves efficacy and safety compared to other anti-PD-1 drugs through lower immune-related adverse events.

MedicalResearch.com with: [caption id="attachment_67952" align="alignleft" width="125"]Dr. David Klonoff MDMedical Director of the Dorothy L. and James E. Frank Diabetes Research Institute of Mills-Peninsula Medical Center Clinical Professor of Medicine at UCSF Dr. Klonoff[/caption] Dr. David Klonoff MD Medical Director of the Dorothy L. and James E. Frank Diabetes Research Institute of Mills-Peninsula Medical Center Clinical Professor of Medicine at UCSF   MedicalResearch.com: What is the background for this the FITTER Forward expert recommendations?
  • The focus of healthcare professionals (HCPs) tends to be primarily on the drug and overall treatment, while the administration of insulin and other peptide medications—which can play a critical role in outcomes—is often overlooked. The Fitter Forward group, consisting of 16 diabetes experts from 13 countries, decided to update a previous set of recommendations that was almost a decade old, with newly published evidence and materials. This new report, published in the April 2025 edition of Mayo Clinic Proceedings, highlights recent advances in needle technology, the physiology of insulin injections, and proper injection techniques.

MedicalResearch.com Interview with: [caption id="attachment_67865" align="alignleft" width="200"]Sam (Seyedmehdi) Payabvash, MD Associate Professor of Radiology  Columbia University Medical Center Dr. Payabvash[/caption] Sam (Seyedmehdi) Payabvash, MD Associate Professor of Radiology Columbia University Medical Center MedicalResearch.com: What is the background for this study? Response: Prenatal marijuana use is on the rise, largely due to increasing legalization and shifting public perception of its safety during pregnancy. Although prior studies have linked prenatal marijuana exposure to adverse neonatal and behavioral outcomes, the long-term neurodevelopmental effects, especially as assessed through advanced neuroimaging techniques, remain underexplored.

MedicalResearch.com Interview with: [caption id="attachment_67888" align="alignleft" width="200"]Prof. Hermona SoreqThe Edmond and Lily Safra Center for Brain Sciences (ELSC) and
The Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Science
at the Hebrew University Hermona Soreq, lab, students, collaboration[/caption] Prof. Hermona Soreq The Edmond and Lily Safra Center for Brain Sciences (ELSC) and The Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Science at the Hebrew University MedicalResearch.com: What is the background for this study? What are tRFs and how do they impact neurodegeneration?

Response:   tRFs: The molecular SOS of early life stress

If you remember your high school biology classes, you might remember that tRNAs are molecules that help assemble proteins based on encoding amino acids. In recent years, scientists discovered that when these molecules break down it’s not merely cellular garbage – it can be gold. Specifically, tRNAs can be sliced into short pieces, called tRNA fragments (or tRFs), which act like little regulators, switching translation on and off in ways we’re still trying to understand. Think of a tRNA as a Swiss army knife. It has structure, function, and folds on itself. But under certain conditions - like stress - it's chopped up into smaller pieces, each with a distinct signal. These fragments aren't random junk; they’re more like emergency messages, scattered through the bloodstream, reflecting the body’s internal state. That idea - of tRFs as biological SOS signals - led us to wonder: could these fragments tell us what the fetus experiences in utero? Could they show us, in molecular form, the impact of maternal psychosocial stress?

[caption id="attachment_67701" align="alignleft" width="155"]parita-ray.png Parita K. Ray[/caption]

Parita K. Ray

Medical Student

Department of Medical Education

Geisinger College of Health Sciences

Scranton, PA 18509

 

MedicalResearch.com: What is the background for this study?

  • Citalopram and escitalopram are two of the most commonly prescribed antidepressants in the U.S. and are widely used for treating major depressive disorder (MDD) and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), along with various off-label indications. While both medications share similar mechanisms of action, escitalopram was introduced as a purified version of citalopram’s active enantiomer. Despite little evidence showing a clear superiority of escitalopram over citalopram in efficacy or tolerability, prescribing trends appear to favor escitalopram, raising concerns about "evergreening"—a practice where pharmaceutical companies promote newer formulations of existing drugs to extend market exclusivity. Prior research has shown variations in the prescription rates of psychotropic medications across states and within specific populations, particularly among Medicaid and Medicare patients. However, little is known about the long-term prescribing patterns of citalopram versus escitalopram in these populations and whether these trends reflect potential evergreening practices.

[caption id="attachment_67204" align="alignleft" width="200"] Prof. El GHOCH[/caption] MedicalResearch.com Interview with: Prof. Marwan EL GHOCH Professore Associato in Scienza dell'Alimentazione e Tecniche Dietetiche Applicate MEDS-08/C Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Metaboliche e Neuroscienze Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia Modena, 41125, Italy MedicalResearch.com: What is the background for this study? Response: Body mass index (BMI) is an easy-to-use tool to determine an individual’s by classifying him/her as having normal weight, overweight, or obesity, and this is based on universal cut-off points suggested by the World Health Organization (WHO) for all age groups. Not taking into account the potential changes that may occur to body composition compartments during the individual’s lifespan. In fact, little is still known about this topic in people with overweight and obesity. For this reason our study aimed to compare the body composition compartments between three different age groups (young, middle-age, and older adults), adopting a design that matched these 3 age groups by BMI.

[caption id="attachment_67338" align="aligncenter" width="500"]health-care-inequalities Photo by Tessy Agbonome[/caption]   Healthcare inequality remains one of the most pressing global challenges, affecting billions of people worldwide. Despite advancements in medical science and healthcare infrastructure, access to quality healthcare services remains unequal across different regions, socioeconomic groups, and communities. Disparities in healthcare access, affordability, and outcomes persist due to factors such as income level, geographic location, race, gender, and social status. However, technology has emerged as a powerful tool in bridging these gaps and democratizing healthcare. From telemedicine and wearable devices to artificial intelligence (AI) and big data, innovative technologies are transforming the healthcare landscape and making healthcare more accessible, affordable, and efficient. Healthcare software developers play a crucial role in this transformation, creating the digital platforms, applications, and tools that enable these technological advancements to reach a wider audience.